{"id":3130541,"date":"2018-12-01T03:40:10","date_gmt":"2018-12-01T08:40:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/entender-la-creencia\/"},"modified":"2018-12-01T03:40:10","modified_gmt":"2018-12-01T08:40:10","slug":"entender-la-creencia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/es\/entender-la-creencia\/","title":{"rendered":"Entender la creencia"},"content":{"rendered":"
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{%CAPTION%}<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

C<\/span>omo muchos otros buscadores responsables, he le\u00eddo a la mayor\u00eda de los autores ateos recientes (Sam Harris, Richard Dawkins, Christopher Hitchens y, retrocediendo, a Bertrand Russell en 1957) que critican e incluso denigran los sistemas de creencias de los cristianos comunes. En lo que respecta a mi propia teolog\u00eda, estoy sustancialmente de acuerdo con sus conclusiones; me llamo post-cristiano y post-te\u00edsta. <\/p>\n

\u00bfPero por qu\u00e9 concluir que el cristianismo est\u00e1 mal para todos los dem\u00e1s? El hecho de que los sistemas religiosos incluyan un elemento sustancial de pensamiento m\u00e1gico y mitolog\u00eda no refuta su utilidad en un mundo dif\u00edcil. La creencia religiosa ha sido com\u00fan en todas las culturas desde el principio de los tiempos humanos porque, desde un punto de vista evolutivo, tiene un valor de supervivencia demostrable. En todo momento de la historia, la vida humana ha sido una proposici\u00f3n peligrosa y aterradora. La religi\u00f3n a menudo ha funcionado bien para disminuir el miedo, inculcar la intenci\u00f3n, promover el coraje y proteger de la desesperaci\u00f3n. \u00a1As\u00ed que no la critiques! <\/p>\n

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V\u00eda commons.wikimedia.org<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

L<\/span>os conceptos b\u00e1sicos del an\u00e1lisis transaccional son \u00fatiles para comprender la din\u00e1mica de la creencia. El fundador de la t\u00e9cnica, Eric Berne, y sus seguidores postulan que todas las personas llevan dentro de s\u00ed los estados emocionales de ni\u00f1o, padre y adulto, y cambian de uno a otro a medida que cambian las circunstancias. El \u201cni\u00f1o\u00bb incluye un estado de \u00e1nimo OK y un estado de \u00e1nimo no-OK; el \u201cpadre\u00bb puede ser nutritivo o castigador; el \u201cadulto\u00bb se mantiene principalmente en un estado mental racional y razonador. <\/p>\n

En un mundo o sociedad primitiva, al igual que en una condici\u00f3n desfavorecida y con poca educaci\u00f3n en nuestra propia era, hay mucho que temer y que hace que una persona se sienta como un \u201cni\u00f1o no-OK\u00bb. Incluso los m\u00e1s privilegiados entre nosotros a menudo nos sentimos bastante mal con nosotros mismos o con nuestro mundo. <\/p>\n

Para corregir el estado mental temeroso o indefenso, un ser humano busca instintivamente un \u201cpadre\u00bb nutritivo (o posiblemente un \u201cadulto\u00bb competente). Un adulto en una mentalidad no-OK que no tiene un padre real a mano puede buscar otra fuente de tranquilidad \u201cpaterna\u00bb. El Dios cristiano convencional es el padre paradigm\u00e1tico. Como otros padres, se cree que es nutritivo la mayor parte del tiempo, por lo que se le soporta cuando es \u201ccastigador\u00bb, como \u201ccuando le suceden cosas malas a gente buena\u00bb. \u00c9l tiene poder cuando el ni\u00f1o no-OK no lo tiene. <\/p>\n

En t\u00e9rminos de corregir el estado mental temeroso, no importa si la figura del padre es objetivamente real o no. Solo importa que la persona que sufre pueda salir del modo indefenso, no-OK y seguir adelante. El pensamiento religioso, m\u00e1gico o no, ha funcionado eficazmente de esta manera para millones de personas a lo largo de la historia humana y contin\u00faa haci\u00e9ndolo hoy en d\u00eda. Espero que, a pesar de mi propia condici\u00f3n de no creyente, tal pensamiento m\u00e1gico venga en mi ayuda si alguna vez lo necesito. \u00a1Tengo algunas piedras y fichas atesoradas a las que recurrir, por si acaso! Me ayudar\u00e1n a pasar del modo no-OK a un modo \u201cadulto\u00bb cuando sea necesario ese cambio. <\/p>\n

M<\/span>ientras tanto, sin embargo, como los Sams, Richards y Christophers educados y privilegiados que escriben estos libros post-cient\u00edficos, la mayor\u00eda de las veces tengo acceso a un estado mental \u201cadulto\u00bb competente y puedo encontrar recursos \u201cadultos\u00bb entre mis asociados y en mi biblioteca. (Los libros de Martin Buber, Erich Fromm, Galen Guengerich y David Boulton est\u00e1n en mi colecci\u00f3n, por ejemplo). Como cu\u00e1quero, no me siento tentado a ver a los dem\u00e1s como \u201cni\u00f1os no-OK\u00bb ni a adoptar una actitud de \u201cpadre castigador\u00bb hacia ellos. <\/p>\n

Por encima y m\u00e1s all\u00e1 de la creencia, pertenecer a un grupo tambi\u00e9n es crucial para el bienestar de la mayor\u00eda de los humanos y para su sentido de estar bien. \u00bfQui\u00e9n es mi tribu? \u00bfD\u00f3nde encajo? <\/p>\n

Casi todo el mundo busca una comunidad a la que pertenecer. Algunos se adherir\u00e1n a un grupo que odia y da\u00f1a a otras personas, y se les debe instar a que cambien sus caminos. Mi propia tribu, los cu\u00e1queros no programados, dejan que otros sigan sus propios caminos, respetados e ilesos. Operando principalmente en un modo \u201cadulto\u00bb, los cu\u00e1queros incluso me dejan seguir mi propio camino como post-cristiano y post-te\u00edsta. Estoy agradecida.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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