{"id":3121964,"date":"2023-10-17T14:02:49","date_gmt":"2023-10-17T18:02:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/book\/mwanga-katika-gaza-maandiko-ya-kuzaliwa-kwa-moto\/"},"modified":"2025-10-12T01:38:24","modified_gmt":"2025-10-12T05:38:24","slug":"mwanga-katika-gaza-maandiko-ya-kuzaliwa-kwa-moto","status":"publish","type":"fpb_book","link":"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/sw\/book\/mwanga-katika-gaza-maandiko-ya-kuzaliwa-kwa-moto\/","title":{"rendered":"Mwanga katika Gaza: Maandiko ya Kuzaliwa kwa Moto"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Imehaririwa na Jehad Abusalim, Jennifer Bing, na Michael Merryman-Lotze. Vitabu vya Haymarket, 2022. Kurasa 280. $ 45 \/ jalada gumu; $ 24.95 \/ karatasi; $9.99\/Kitabu pepe. <\/h3>\n\n
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Nunua kutoka kwa Mchapishaji<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

Bango darasani katika Shule ya Dini ya Earlham ambako kozi za Biblia hufundishwa, linasema, \u201cMuktadha ni kila kitu.\u201d<\/p>\n\n

Katika shairi lake ”Harlem,” <\/em>Langston Hughes anauliza, ”Ni nini hutokea kwa ndoto iliyoahirishwa? \/\/ Je, inakauka \/ kama zabibu kwenye jua? . . . \/\/ Labda inashuka tu \/ kama mzigo mzito. \/\/ Au hulipuka?<\/em> \u201d <\/p>\n\n

Nilikumbushwa dondoo hizi nilipopata habari kuhusu shambulio la Hamas dhidi ya shabaha za Israeli mapema mwezi huu na kulipiza kisasi kwa Israeli. Kuleta amani kwa Quaker huuliza swali, mbegu za vita ni nini, na zinaweza kuondolewaje kabla hazijachipuka na kukua? Kwa maneno mengine, ni mazingira gani ambayo mzunguko wa sasa wa vurugu uliibuka? <\/p>\n\n

Na ndoto hizo zilizoahirishwa zinaweza kuwa nini ambazo zilisababisha matokeo ya mlipuko? Hakika kwa Israeli ilikuwa ndoto iliyovunjika ya operesheni ya kijeshi na kijasusi ambayo ilitoa hali ya usalama na usalama. Ilikuwa nini kwa Gaza? <\/p>\n\n

Mwanga katika Gaza<\/em> ni dawa ya imani potofu nyingi kuhusu Gaza kwani inasaidia kueleza muktadha ambao mlipuko wa sasa umetokea. Njiani, inaeleza kile mpishi Anthony Bourdain, yeye mwenyewe, alipata wakati wa kurekodiwa kwa onyesho lake la kebo la Parts Unknown<\/em> huko Gaza mnamo 2012: ”Watu wa kawaida wanaofanya mambo ya kila siku … lakini wameibiwa ubinadamu wao wa kimsingi” (iliyofafanuliwa kutoka kwa hotuba ya kukubalika kwa Bourdain kwa tuzo kutoka kwa Baraza la Masuala ya Umma la Waislamu). <\/p>\n\n

Wafanyakazi watatu wa Kamati ya Huduma ya Marafiki wa Marekani ambao wamefanya kazi katika masuala ya Palestina na Israeli kwa jumla ya zaidi ya miaka 50 wamekusanya na kuhariri insha kwa ustadi na Wagaza 11 ambazo zinachunguza maelezo zaidi kuhusu maisha katika Ukanda huo kuliko inavyotolewa na sauti za vyombo vya habari. Madhumuni ya antholojia ni kuonyesha jinsi Gaza inavyoelezewa kwa kawaida kupitia lenzi ya wavamizi dhalimu inapojaribu kufuta historia ya uvamizi. Wakati wachangiaji wakifichua ukweli wa Nakba inayoendelea (”Janga”), wanatafuta kuvunja kizuizi cha kiakili cha Gaza, kama vile wanaharakati wanavyoendelea kutafuta mwisho wa kizuizi cha kimwili kilichowekwa juu yake. <\/p>\n\n

Niliwahi kumuuliza mwanajeshi wa Israel kuhusu shambulio dhidi ya Ramallah nililolishuhudia, nikishangaa kwa nini kulikuwa na magari ya kivita zaidi ya 50 na mamia ya askari kwa ajili ya operesheni ya kulipua nyumba moja isiyo na watu. Alijibu, ”Kila kitu kama hicho kimekusudiwa kuwa taarifa.” Katika sura ya kukua Gaza kupitia mashambulizi kadhaa ya Waisraeli, Refaat Alareer anaelezea jinsi ghasia na mauaji yaliyolengwa yalivyotoa kauli kama hizo, na nini athari ilikuwa ya kupoteza zaidi ya jamaa 30 wa familia kupitia mashambulizi ya Israeli tangu 2001. Hata hivyo akiwa profesa wa fasihi ya Kiingereza huko Gaza, alifundisha wahusika wa Kiyahudi katika Shakespeare kwa huruma. <\/p>\n\n

Sura ya Asmaa Abu Mezied inawasilisha uhalisia wa maisha ya kila siku huko Gaza ambayo yanapingana na simulizi kubwa, na inatofautisha hadithi ya \u201cnchi isiyo na watu kwa ajili ya watu wasio na ardhi\u201d kwa kuelezea mizizi ya Wapalestina katika ardhi hiyo na kilimo kinachostawi walichokuwa wakifanya. Shahd Abusalama anatoa historia ya zaidi ya vijiji 530 vya Wapalestina vilivyoharibiwa wakati wa kuundwa kwa Israel na anaelezea unyakuzi unaoendelea wa ardhi ya Wapalestina na kuenea kwa makaazi kama muendelezo wa mradi wa ukoloni wa walowezi ambao Wapalestina wana haki ya kuupinga\u2014kama vile Waukraine wana haki ya kupinga kukaliwa na Urusi. <\/p>\n\n

Sura ya Salem Al Qudwa inachunguza athari za muundo wa miundo ya majengo kutokana na mashambulizi ya mara kwa mara na ugumu wa kupata vifaa. Suhail Taha anashiriki kuhusu njia za kibunifu za Wagaza kukabiliana na udhibiti wa Israel wa theluthi mbili ya umeme wa Ukanda huo na giza linalotanda wakati umeme unapatikana kwa saa nne tu kwa siku. Nour Naim anaandika katika sura yake kuhusu matumizi ya Israel ya akili bandia kudhibiti Wapalestina na jinsi Wagaza wenyewe wangeweza kutumia AI katika upinzani wao wenyewe. <\/p>\n\n

Mosab Abu Toha anaandika juu ya uharibifu wa chuo kikuu chake katika shambulio la 2014 huko Gaza, jinsi Israeli na Mamlaka ya Palestina yanavyopiga marufuku vitabu vya kukosoa sera zao, na jinsi mwandishi wa Kiyahudi Noam Chomsky alituma vitabu kuchukua nafasi ya wale walioharibiwa katika shambulio hilo. Dorgham Abusalim anasimulia kwa kina aliishi katika ”siku hamsini na moja za kutisha” za shambulio la 2014, hata kunasa moja ya mashambulio ya Israeli kwenye simu yake ya rununu; kuitazama miaka mingi baadaye, analemewa na \u201cwoga niliokuwa nao kwa maisha yangu na familia yangu.\u201d Sura ya Yousef M. Aljamal inachunguza vikwazo vya usafiri kama \u201cNakba inayoendelea\u201d na jinsi \u201cMakubaliano ya Oslo, yale yanayoitwa mapatano ya amani,\u201d yalivyosababisha kugawanyika kwa jumuiya ya Wapalestina. <\/p>\n\n

Katika sura yake, Israa Mohammed Jamal anashiriki hadithi za kibinafsi za utakaso wa kikabila mwaka 1948 na kiwewe chake cha utotoni kutokana na mashambulizi huko Gaza. Basman Aldirawi anawasilisha hali tatu zinazowezekana kwa siku zijazo: (1) hakuna suluhu na muendelezo wa hali ilivyo sasa, (2) azimio la serikali mbili ambalo litaendelea kuweka vikwazo kwa maisha ya Wapalestina, na (3) taifa moja la kidemokrasia ambalo Wagaza wanaweza kuishi kama mtu mwingine yeyote. Kwa kuzingatia majibu ya sasa ya Israeli kwa shambulio la Hamas, hofu ni kwamba ”suluhisho” litakuwa uharibifu wa jumla wa Gaza na kiwewe ambacho kitadumu kwa miongo kadhaa kwa Wagaza na Waisraeli. Tayari kuna mazungumzo ya jinsi vita hivi vinaweza kuishinikiza Israeli hatimaye kukubali aina fulani ya suluhisho la serikali mbili kwa ”kutenganisha” na Wapalestina. Kwa bahati mbaya, chaguo la suluhisho la serikali moja sasa linaonekana kuwa mbali zaidi kuliko hapo awali. <\/p>\n\n

Watu wa Gaza wanaishi kama mtu mwingine yeyote. Ni kile Anthony Bourdain alichopata mwaka 2012 ambacho watu wa Gaza wanaweza kuwa-ikiwa hawataibiwa ubinadamu wao. Muktadha, kwa kweli, ni kila kitu. Na, ndiyo, ikiwa ndoto, matumaini, na matarajio yameahirishwa, yanalipuka. <\/p>\n\n

\n\n

Max L. Carter ni mkurugenzi mstaafu wa Friends Center katika Chuo cha Guilford. Kitabu chake Palestine and Israel: A Personal Encounter<\/em> (Barclay Press) kinasimulia uhusiano wake wa muda mrefu na kazi ya Quaker katika Mashariki ya Kati. Yeye ni mwanachama wa Mkutano Mpya wa Bustani huko Greensboro, NC <\/strong><\/p>\n\n

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