{"id":3125923,"date":"2017-09-01T01:00:23","date_gmt":"2017-09-01T05:00:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/book\/inayoenda-nyumbani-riwaya-na-barabara-ya-reli-ya-chini-ya-ardhi-riwaya\/"},"modified":"2017-09-01T01:00:23","modified_gmt":"2017-09-01T05:00:23","slug":"inayoenda-nyumbani-riwaya-na-barabara-ya-reli-ya-chini-ya-ardhi-riwaya","status":"publish","type":"fpb_book","link":"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/sw\/book\/inayoenda-nyumbani-riwaya-na-barabara-ya-reli-ya-chini-ya-ardhi-riwaya\/","title":{"rendered":"Inayoenda Nyumbani: Riwaya na Barabara ya Reli ya Chini ya Ardhi: Riwaya"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"Kwenda Nyumbani: Riwaya. Na Yaa Gyasi. Knopf, 2016. 320 kurasa. $ 26.95 \/ jalada gumu; $ 16 \/ karatasi; $11.99\/Kitabu pepe. <\/i><\/b><\/h3>\n

Nunua kutoka kwa QuakerBooks<\/span><\/a><\/h4>\n

Njia ya Reli ya Chini ya Ardhi: Riwaya. Imeandikwa na Colson Whitehead. Doubleday, 2016. Kurasa 320. $ 26.95 \/ jalada gumu; $ 27 \/ karatasi; $13.99\/Kitabu pepe. <\/i><\/b><\/h3>\n

Nunua kutoka kwa QuakerBooks<\/span><\/a><\/h4>\n

Kama mwalimu wa historia, ninaona ulimwengu wa kweli kuwa hadithi kuu kuliko zote. Katika miaka ya hivi majuzi, hata hivyo, nimekuja kufahamu jinsi hadithi za uwongo zinavyoweza kutusaidia kupata mtazamo mpya na kuibua mawazo yetu tunapojitahidi kuunda ulimwengu huu wa kweli. Kama mwanamke mweusi, nimethamini hadithi nyingi katika miaka ya hivi majuzi ambazo zimetupa dirisha la maisha ambayo mababu zangu waliokuwa watumwa walivumilia. Baada ya kuona filamu <\/span>Miaka 12 Mtumwa<\/span><\/i>, niliketi na kulia ndani ya gari langu, nikishukuru sana kwa maisha yangu na kujitolea kuishi kwa njia ambayo inaheshimu ndoto za wale waliofungua njia. Zote mbili <\/span>
\n Inayoenda Nyumbani: Riwaya<\/span>
\n<\/i> ya Yaa Gyasi na<\/span>
\n Barabara ya Reli ya Chini ya Ardhi: Riwaya<\/span>
\n<\/i> na Colson Whitehead vile vile hutuleta uso kwa uso na historia yetu, hata hivyo tunafafanua hilo-kikabila, kitaifa, au kimataifa. Whitehead anaandika <\/span>Reli ya chini ya ardhi<\/span><\/i> kwamba \u201cHakuna mtu alitaka kuzungumza juu ya mwelekeo wa kweli wa ulimwengu. Na hakuna aliyetaka kuusikia.\u201d Whitehead na Gyasi wote ni watu jasiri walio tayari kutuonyesha ni kwa kiwango gani tumeumbwa na historia yetu, iwe tunataka kuisikia au tusitake, kwa sababu tu kwa kuyakabili maisha yetu ya nyuma ndipo tunaweza kujenga mustakabali tofauti. <\/span><\/p>\n

Kwenda nyumbani<\/span><\/i> inaunganisha kwa uzuri hadithi za familia moja ya Kiafrika kupitia matawi mawili tofauti ya familia yao, kuanzia na dada wa kambo katika karne ya kumi na nane Ghana. Mmoja anaolewa na afisa wa Uingereza na anaishi katika Kasri ya Cape Coast, huku mwingine akiwa amefungwa pingu chini ya kasri hiyo akisubiri kusafirishwa hadi Marekani. Kila sura inatokana na mtazamo wa mhusika mpya, kila mara inasonga mbele kizazi kupitia matawi yanayopishana ya mti wa familia. Nchini Ghana tunajifunza kuhusu maumivu ambayo vita na utumwa huleta bila shaka, changamoto za maisha ambayo yanaongozwa na desturi, na kazi ya umishonari isiyo na tija. Nchini Marekani tunashuhudia utumwa, mwanzo wa kufungwa kwa watu wengi wakati wa Ujenzi Mpya, ugumu wa kupata makazi na ajira wakati wa Uhamiaji Mkuu, na mapambano ya Vuguvugu la Haki za Kiraia. Kitabu hiki kinazungumza kwa maana juu ya athari za kizazi kimoja kwa kizazi kijacho huku pia kikionyesha uwezo wa watu binafsi kuvunja mizunguko ambayo walizaliwa. <\/span><\/p>\n

Kwenda nyumbani<\/span><\/i> ni hadithi bora ya kihistoria. Gyasi alijitahidi sana kutafiti kila moja ya vipindi ambavyo vinatumika kama mandhari ya nyuma ya sura za kitabu hicho. Katika uwasilishaji wake wa historia hii, amechagua kujumuisha kiasi cha kuzingatia jukumu ambalo Waafrika walicheza katika biashara ya utumwa na ukweli kwamba familia za Kiafrika zingetumia na kuwanyanyasa wale waliotumwa kutoka makabila mengine, haswa wale waliotekwa vitani. Baadhi ya watu wamegundua kutokana na mtazamo huu wa kitabu kwamba Wamarekani hawahitaji kuaibishwa na historia yetu wenyewe ya utumwa. Gyasi anajitaabisha sana kuweka wazi kuwa hiyo si hoja yake. Anawapa wahusika wa Ghana walio karibu na mazungumzo ya biashara ya utumwa kama vile, ”Jinsi wanavyowatendea watumwa huko Amerika . . . Haieleweki. Hawezi kueleweka. Hatuna utumwa kama huo hapa. Si hivyo.” Baadaye, mhusika mwingine wa Ghana anatambua kwamba, ”Kila mtu aliwajibika. Sote tulikuwa . . . sote tunawajibika.” Hoja ya Gyasi sio kwamba mtu yeyote anapaswa kuhisi hatia kuhusu utumwa, au vipindi vingine vyovyote vya historia yetu, lakini kwamba lazima tukubali athari za historia kwa ulimwengu wa kisasa. <\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"Kama<\/span>
\n Homegoing<\/span>
\n<\/i> husafiri kwa wakati,<\/span>
\n The Underground Railroad<\/span>
\n<\/i> husafiri angani. Mhusika wake mkuu, Cora, anaepuka utumwa na kutembelewa, kupitia reli halisi ya chini ya ardhi, maeneo tofauti kote Marekani, ambayo kila moja Whitehead imesema inawakilisha seti tofauti ya uwezekano. Cora huanza huko Georgia, ambako anateseka na ukatili wa utumwa, kisha anatembelea South Carolina na ”dhamira ya kuinua rangi, hasa kwa wale walio na aptitude,” kisha huenda kwa North Carolina ambako wanafafanua kwamba hawajakomesha utumwa lakini ”kukomesha n*ggers,” kwa kuwalazimisha kutoka nje, na kisha Indiana ambapo yeye hupata jumuiya ya watu weusi karibu na watu weusi wanaojua kwamba wanajali mafanikio yao katika kila mmoja. Rafiki yangu hivi majuzi alishiriki kwamba anaamini kwamba kila mtu anapaswa kusoma <\/span>
\n Reli ya chini ya ardhi<\/span>
\n<\/i> kabla ya<\/span>
\n kwenda nyumbani<\/span>
\n<\/i> ili kuithamini kikamilifu. Nadhani yuko sawa. Baada ya kusoma maelezo ya kina ya kihistoria ya <\/span>
\n Homegoing<\/span>
\n<\/i> , kucheza kukusudia na historia kwamba<\/span>
\n Underground Reli<\/span>
\n<\/i> hujishughulisha na hisia kidogo. Niliposoma tena hivi majuzi <\/span>
\n Underground Railroad<\/span>
\n<\/i> bila<\/span> mpangilio wa matukio wa
\n Homegoing<\/span>
\n<\/i> kichwani mwangu, nilithamini umahiri wa lugha na taswira yake kwa mara ya kwanza na nikaelewa kwa nini ilistahili Tuzo la Kitaifa la Kitabu na Tuzo la Pulitzer.<\/span><\/p>\n

Labda mojawapo ya vifungu vinavyoelezea zaidi katika<\/span>
\n The Underground Railroad<\/span>
\n<\/i> huja wakati Cora anaanza safari yake. Anaelekezwa ”Angalia nje unapopita kwa kasi katika [vichuguu vya reli ya chini ya ardhi], na utapata sura halisi ya Amerika.” Anapotazama nje, anaona \u201cgiza tu, maili baada ya maili.\u201d Hiyo inaonekana kuwa thesis ya kitabu-hakuna kuepuka utumwa na urithi wake wa ubaguzi wa rangi na ukatili. Kote nchini Marekani, Cora hupata ukuu wa wazungu pekee. Inakuja kwa namna ya kujishusha na tabasamu, lugha ya dharau, na kukataa kutambua ubinadamu wake. Wakati wa safari yake, anaona miili ya watu weusi ikitumika kwa utafiti, kudhibiti idadi ya watu, na hatimaye, maiti zao zilining’inia kama onyo. Wakati fulani Cora aliamua kwamba \u201chakuna [a] mahali pa kukimbilia, ni mahali pa kukimbilia tu.\u201d Anaonekana kuwakilisha tafakari za Whitehead sio tu katika kipindi tofauti cha historia ya Marekani lakini pia ulimwengu anaokabiliana nao leo. <\/span><\/p>\n

Gyasi na Whitehead \u201cwanapozungumza kuhusu mwelekeo wa kweli wa ulimwengu,\u201d wao huangazia historia kwa wasomaji wao. Kila kitabu kina onyesho ambalo toleo la utumwa lililosafishwa hufanywa kwa hadhira ya wazungu. Katika <\/span>
\n Barabara ya reli ya chini ya ardhi<\/span>
\n<\/i> hii inajumuisha Cora ameketi kwenye gurudumu linalozunguka kama onyesho la mwanadamu katika Jumba la Makumbusho la Maajabu ya Asili, na huko<\/span>
\n Homegoing.<\/span>
\n<\/i> kuna kipindi cha jazz ambacho waigizaji wanaoigiza wanaume watumwa huimba kuhusu jinsi walivyo wavivu na jinsi walivyobahatika kuwa na mabwana wakarimu. Matukio haya yanatumika kama vikumbusho kwamba hatutaki kuona ubaya wa maisha yetu ya zamani, lakini hadithi za uwongo tunazojiambia ni za kuchekesha. Kuelekea mwisho wa kila kitabu, waandishi wanakiri kwa uwazi kwamba mvutano kati ya watu weusi na weupe nchini Marekani unatokana na historia ya mkusanyiko iliyochunguzwa katika kazi hizi. Katika <\/span>
\n Kurudi nyumbani<\/span>
\n<\/i> kuna mhusika ambaye ”alikuwa anazungumza milele juu ya utumwa, kazi ngumu ya magereza, Mfumo, ubaguzi, Mtu. [Yeye] alikuwa na chuki ya kina juu ya watu weupe,” wakati<\/span>
\n Underground Railroad.<\/span>
\n<\/i> husema kwa urahisi, \u201cVita Kuu sikuzote imekuwa kati ya weupe na weusi. Hatuwezi kutambua ufunuo unaoendelea bila kuegemea kwenye usumbufu. <\/span><\/p>\n

Hatimaye, hadithi zote mbili hutoa tumaini la maisha bora ya baadaye, kwa wale walio katika ulimwengu wao wa kufikiria na kwa wale wetu katika hii halisi. Zina hadithi zinazoonyesha ni mara ngapi tunasukumwa na woga, lakini pia hadithi zinazoangazia nguvu ya upendo kubadilisha mkondo wa historia. Hakuna watazamaji wasio na hatia katika vitabu hivi; wanadai kwamba tuelewe umuhimu wa wakala ambao kila mmoja wetu anamiliki. Ni lazima tukubali yaliyopita, tuomboleze kwa ajili ya giza lake, na kisha tujenge ulimwengu wa nuru tunapojibu ule wa Mungu katika kila mmoja. <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3079203,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[9920,9976],"fpb_issue_category":[10232],"class_list":["post-3125923","fpb_book","type-fpb_book","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mapitio-ya-kitabu-cha-quaker","category-vitabu-vya-septemba-2017","fpb_issue_category-septemba-2017"],"yoast_head":"\nInayoenda Nyumbani: Riwaya na Barabara ya Reli ya Chini ya Ardhi: Riwaya - Friends Journal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/sw\/book\/inayoenda-nyumbani-riwaya-na-barabara-ya-reli-ya-chini-ya-ardhi-riwaya\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sw_KE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Inayoenda Nyumbani: Riwaya na Barabara ya Reli ya Chini ya Ardhi: Riwaya - Friends Journal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Kwenda Nyumbani: Riwaya. 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