{"id":3127677,"date":"2016-01-01T00:10:11","date_gmt":"2016-01-01T05:10:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/book\/requiem-rwanda\/"},"modified":"2016-01-01T00:10:11","modified_gmt":"2016-01-01T05:10:11","slug":"requiem-rwanda","status":"publish","type":"fpb_book","link":"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/sw\/book\/requiem-rwanda\/","title":{"rendered":"Requiem, Rwanda"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Requiem,<\/a>Na Laura Apol. Michigan State University Press, 2015. 101 kurasa. $ 19.95 \/ karatasi; $15.95\/Kitabu pepe. <\/i><\/b><\/h3>\n

Nunua kwenye FJ Amazon Store<\/span><\/a><\/h4>\n


\n Requiem, Rwanda<\/span>
\n<\/i> ilikuwa ufunuo kwangu: kuhusu historia, ubinadamu, na uwezo\u2014na mipaka\u2014ya sanaa.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mwandishi, Laura Apol, profesa mshiriki katika Chuo Kikuu cha Jimbo la Michigan, alianza kusafiri hadi Afrika mwaka wa 2006 kusaidia kuwafundisha manusura wa mauaji ya kimbari ya Rwanda kutumia maandishi ya simulizi kujiponya wao wenyewe na wengine. Njiani, aliamua kukumbatia kazi ngumu, chungu, na isiyowezekana kabisa ya kuunda sanaa ambayo hutumika kama shahidi wa utamaduni ambao hapo awali ulikuwa ngeni kwake. Ni vigumu kufikiria ni ipi ilichukua ujasiri zaidi: kuwasikiliza walionusurika katika vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe vya 1994 ambapo Wanyarwanda waliwaua raia wao 800,000 katika kipindi cha siku 100, au kuhutubia nyenzo hii kutokana na kile anachotambua kuwa ni nafasi ya mtu wa nje aliyebahatika. <\/span><\/p>\n

Usifanye makosa: hii sio kazi ya kumpiga matiti, mtalii wa wakati mmoja. Ni maombolezo yaliyozingatiwa kwa uangalifu katika muundo wa kishairi na mwanamke ambaye ameishi Rwanda na kuuacha moyo wake ufunguke ili kuwasilisha matokeo ya ukatili ambao hawezi kufikiria. Kutoka kwa shairi ”Maisha ya Wengine”: <\/span><\/p>\n

kila hadithi ina swali
\n<\/span> hayo ni zaidi ya maisha yenyewe
\n<\/span> Na kila hadithi ni jibu lake.<\/span><\/p>\n

Naweza kufanya nini ila kusikiliza?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Katika muda wa ziara nyingi katika nchi hiyo ya kijiografia inayopendeza na isiyo na bahari, ambayo haikuwahi kukumbana na vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe hadi ilipotawaliwa, Apol daima anatambua ugumu wa kazi yake na wajibu wake kwa watu ambao hadithi zao huchunguza. Katika maneno ya baadaye ya kitabu, anasema, ”Sina haki ya kuzungumza, lakini wakati huo huo sina haki ya kuongea. <\/span> sio kusema.” Akiwa ameshikwa ”kati ya nguzo za haki na wajibu,” anajaribu kuelewa jukumu lake. Siwezi kuwa na moja bila nyingine.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Kwa kadiri inavyowezekana, ushairi wa Apol unafaulu kupita maoni yake ya kibinafsi na kufichua mateso ya taifa. Mashairi yake ni ya akiba, ya kukasirisha na yanapiga sana. Katika ”Rift,” anaelezea Mnyarwanda asiyemfahamu mwenye kovu la inchi sita: <\/span><\/p>\n

Kovu sio neno.
\n<\/span> Ni sehemu ya mwili wake kuchunwa,
\n<\/span> pound ya nyama imekwenda, kutokuwepo kwa kuonekana
\n<\/span> – ngozi, misuli, mifupa.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

”Kwenye Baa ya Hoteli” inasomeka, kwa ukamilifu:<\/span><\/p>\n

mwandishi wa habari katika flip-flops
\n<\/span> anaandika maelezo yake.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sasa anakula chips za kukaanga,
\n sasa anakunywa draft Primus anapofanya kazi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sasa anageuka kutoka kwenye kibodi,
\n mikono yake juu ya uso wake.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vilio vyake vilivuruga chumba.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Mkusanyiko huu unategemea aina ya mahitaji ya Kikatoliki, iliyogawanywa katika hatua za<\/span>
\n Introit<\/span>
\n<\/i> ,<\/span>
\n Dies Irae<\/span>
\n<\/i> ,<\/span> na<\/span>
\n Lacrimosa.<\/span>
\n<\/i>. Ni njia mwafaka ya kuwasilisha mada, na mashairi, kama ibada za kidini, huchanganya utisho, hofu na maombi. Wakiwa na huzuni nyingi, hasira, na uzuri, pia wanasherehekea maisha, uzuri wa nchi ya Rwanda, na nguvu ya kuzaliwa upya. Kutoka kwa ”Malipo”: <\/span><\/p>\n

Ferns hukua kifalme hapa,
\n<\/span> mito hujaa, maua huchanua
\n<\/span> zambarau, njano, fuchsia
\n<\/span> na pink.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Requiem, Rwanda<\/span><\/i> imeundwa vyema na kuzalishwa, na ni nzuri kwa msomaji asiye na ujuzi. Inajumuisha utangulizi; muhtasari wa historia ya Rwanda; na epilogue, ”Mwandishi kama Shahidi,” ambayo inafafanua zaidi changamoto za kuchunguza na kukumbuka utamaduni wa kigeni kutoka kwa mtazamo wa Wamarekani weupe. Mambo ya mbele na ya nyuma hutoa habari muhimu bila kuwa msomi kupita kiasi; maelezo yamepangwa vizuri na rahisi kuelewa. Wasomaji wanapaswa kufahamu mkono wa mwongozo wa mwandishi\/mhariri na maelezo makini ya mshairi kuhusu mchakato wake wa ubunifu. Ninapendekeza sana juzuu hili la mashairi 32 kwa Marafiki, wasanii, na wanaharakati. <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3077040,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[9920,9954],"fpb_issue_category":[10214],"class_list":["post-3127677","fpb_book","type-fpb_book","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mapitio-ya-kitabu-cha-quaker","category-vitabu-vya-januari-2016","fpb_issue_category-januari-2016-quakers-na-mchakato-wa-kisiasa"],"yoast_head":"\nRequiem, Rwanda - Friends Journal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/sw\/book\/requiem-rwanda\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sw_KE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Requiem, Rwanda - Friends Journal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Na Laura Apol. 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