{"id":3119023,"date":"2017-01-01T02:05:09","date_gmt":"2017-01-01T07:05:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/kukabiliana-na-nuru\/"},"modified":"2017-01-01T02:05:09","modified_gmt":"2017-01-01T07:05:09","slug":"kukabiliana-na-nuru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/sw\/kukabiliana-na-nuru\/","title":{"rendered":"Kukabiliana na Nuru"},"content":{"rendered":"

Emmanuel Levinas Aenda kwenye Mkutano wa Quaker<\/h2>\n
\"\u00a9<\/a>
{%CAPTION%}<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Nimechelewa<\/span> na haraka. Magari mengine yametiwa ukungu na mimi. <\/p>\n

Mimi buzz chini ya mstari changarawe, na mawe crunching chini ya matairi yangu. Nina wasiwasi sana na mlio mkali wa bubu la gari langu. Bado ninaendelea kuendesha gari, nikipita kwenye miti mikubwa na kuingia kwenye maegesho ya changarawe. Sasa naweza kuzima gari langu, kusimamisha bubu. <\/span><\/p>\n

Katika zamu hii ya ufunguo, nahisi injini imesimama. Masikio yangu, ambayo hapo awali yamezoea sauti za gari langu, sasa yanarudi. Kimya kipya kinatulia juu yao, na ninaanza kuhisi umuhimu wa saa. Naanza kutulia. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ninaweka simu yangu ya rununu. Ninaacha pochi yangu kwenye gari pia. Sihitaji, wala sitaki. Nasikia changarawe ikigongana tena, wakati huu chini ya miguu yangu. Ninatazama chini kwenye miguu yangu, mikunjo hii na miinuko ya nyama inayonibeba. Ninatazama juu kuelekea jengo, sio la zamani kabisa, kwa mbali. Nimezungukwa na miti na ndege, nyasi na amani. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ukimya, hata sasa, unaingia kwenye mifupa yangu. Ninaanza kutazama hatua zangu tena. Sitaki kukanyaga majani machafu. Hiyo itakuwa kubwa sana. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ninatembea kwenye ngazi za mbao, bila kishindo, na ninatazama juu ili kutafuta benchi ya kukaa. Ninapotazama juu, ninashika nyuso za watu wachache ambao tayari wamedai matangazo yao. Mionekano mingine inajulikana; wengine wanaonekana kujiuliza zaidi. Kuna wachache ambao wanaonekana kuangalia karibu kupitia kwangu. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ninapata kiti kati ya vingine. Labda William Penn aliketi mahali hapa. Labda Rufo Jones alitazama mihimili yenye nguvu na nje ya dirisha hilo kubwa kwa pembe hii tu. Wote walikuwa hapa kwenye Jumba la Mkutano la Third Haven. Walikuwa wanafikiria nini? Mungu aliwafungulia nini? <\/span><\/p>\n

Wapo wanaofumba macho wakikutana. Mimi hufanya hivi wakati mwingine. Mara nyingi zaidi, nitaangalia kuzunguka chumba: Nitaona nyuso za wengine zikinitazama nyuma, zikielezea kile ambacho lazima kionyeshwa: huzuni, furaha, upendo, maisha, maumivu, uchovu, nishati. Ni nyuso za kibinadamu mno, zikingojea kwa ukimya kitu kutoka kwa Mungu. Ni nyuso zinazongoja pamoja, zikitafuta pamoja, zikitazama ndani zaidi. <\/span><\/p>\n

Mara nyingi nimevutiwa na nguvu ya mkutano huu pamoja. Sio shughuli ya kawaida kwa Wamarekani wa karne ya ishirini na moja. Kukaa kimya, kwa muda wa saa moja, pamoja na wanadamu wengine huleta sherehe. Kwani ni nyakati gani unakaa na wengine kwa ukimya? Mtu amekufa tu; uhusiano umekwisha; au labda uliona kitu cha kushangaza sana kwamba umepoteza maneno yako. Hata nyakati hizi za ukimya hazidumu sana\u2014hakika si kwa saa moja. <\/span><\/p>\n

Kwa nini tunafanya hivyo, sisi tunaojiita Quakers?<\/span><\/p>\n

Swali hili limeulizwa mara kwa mara na kujibiwa tofauti kwa karibu miaka 400 ambayo Jumuiya ya Kidini ya Marafiki imeabudu pamoja. Nitatoa hapa ushahidi wangu mwenyewe kwa ukweli. Labda itazungumza na hali yako. <\/span><\/p>\n

Tangu utotoni, mara nyingi nimekuwa nikivutiwa na maisha ya kutoboa machoni pa wengine. Nimetegemea sana uvumbuzi maisha yangu yote, na ninaanzisha hadithi katika kila uso ninaoona. <\/span><\/p>\n

Katika kila picha ninayopata ya Emmanuel Levinas, anatabasamu. Levinas hakuwa Quaker, ingawa kusoma falsafa yake unaweza kusadikishwa vinginevyo. Alikuwa Myahudi, na hakuandika tu falsafa bali pia mawazo mazito juu ya Talmud. Maandishi yake ni mazito\u2014angeweza kujifunza somo kutokana na usemi ulio wazi\u2014lakini kazi yake inashikamana na hisi halisi za kibinadamu. <\/span><\/p>\n

Dhana ya kifalsafa ya ”wengine” ilibuniwa na Levinas. Wazo hili linajaribu kumsogeza mtu nyuma yake au njia yake ya ubinafsi ya kuutazama ulimwengu, njia ya kutamani kila kitu kizunguke karibu yangu, mimi mwenyewe, na mimi. Levinas anataka mtu aangalie nje ya pua ya uso wake mwenyewe. Nyingine ilikuwa dhana ambayo Levinas aliitumia ili kutufanya tusikie na kuheshimu mawazo na hisia za watu ambao sio sisi. <\/span><\/p>\n

Anaendeleza wazo hili la kina la maadili kwa njia ya kushangaza zaidi. Mwanafalsafa anatuomba tuwe makini na uso wa mtu mwingine. Ni katika kukutana na sura nyingine ndipo tunapomwona mtu kama sisi lakini sio sisi kwa wakati mmoja. Mtu huyu mwingine, uso huu, anazua jibu kutoka kwetu. Tumeitwa kusikiliza na kusema. Tunachochewa kuona uhalisi usio na kikomo wa mtu mwingine, kile ambacho Quaker wangeita \u201cule wa Mungu.\u201d <\/span><\/p>\n

Uso wa mwingine unakamata kwa njia ambayo inatushawishi tusimame.<\/span><\/p>\n

Katika magnum opus yake,<\/span>
\n Totality na Infinity<\/span>
\n<\/i>, Levinas hutoa faida ya uangalifu kwa kusikiliza na kuzungumza, mtu mmoja na mwingine. Mazungumzo yanahusishwa na umuhimu mkubwa. Kupitia mazungumzo tunaweza kueleza sisi ni nani\u2014hata tunapomsikiliza mwingine akizungumza kutoka mahali pake ulimwenguni. Ninaruhusiwa kuwa mwenyewe na mwingine anaruhusiwa kuwa mwenyewe. Kila mmoja wetu anabaki wazi kwa uwezekano usio na kikomo unaotoka kwenye uso wa mtu huyu mwingine. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ninapohudhuria mkutano, natumai kukutana kwa aina hii. Ninatamani kuona nyuso za wengine waliokusanyika kimya. Ninajitayarisha kusikia huduma ya sauti ya wale wanaoongozwa kuzungumza. Katika kukutana kwa ajili ya ibada, sisi ni mashahidi wa mojawapo ya vitu vitakatifu zaidi vinavyopatikana: malezi ya watu kupitia jumuiya iliyoanzishwa kwa amani. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ninaondoka kwenye mkutano, nikihisi ubinadamu zaidi. Ninawasha injini yangu, lakini chukua mambo polepole ninapoondoka, nikiviringisha tena juu ya changarawe. Nikawasha kufumba na kufumbua, na kugeuka, na kuanza kuteremka barabara. Ninaanza kuona kupitia vioo vya magari yanayokuja. Naona sura za madereva. Ninaona ukweli usio na mwisho na mikono saa 10 na 2. <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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