{"id":3120070,"date":"2015-06-01T01:45:00","date_gmt":"2015-06-01T05:45:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/mikesha-na-maandamano\/"},"modified":"2015-06-01T01:45:00","modified_gmt":"2015-06-01T05:45:00","slug":"mikesha-na-maandamano","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/sw\/mikesha-na-maandamano\/","title":{"rendered":"Mikesha na Maandamano"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Daraja
{%CAPTION%}<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Njia dhahiri zaidi<\/span> ya hatua za kisiasa za Quaker ni mkesha wa kimya. Sikuzote nimekuwa nikidai kwamba maandamano yanapaswa kuwa mikutano ya ibada yenye kujali amani na haki. Wachache waliposimama mbele ya Ikulu ya White House, usiku na mchana, kwa muda wa miezi mitatu katika 1971, wakiwa na mabango meupe tupu yaliyofananisha ibada ya kimya-kimya, kulikuwa na ishara moja tu, inayosema \u201cQuaker Vigil for Peace.\u201d Ujumbe huo, ulioelezewa na vipeperushi waliokabidhiwa wapita njia, ulipata hela. <\/p>\n

Mnamo 1965, familia kutoka Mkutano wa Mwaka wa New York ilisimama katika duara la waandamanaji wapatao 15, wengi wao wakiwa Waamerika wa Kiafrika, mbele ya milango ya kanisa huko Jackson, Mississippi. Familia hiyo ilikuwa inahudhuria kanisa hili kwa wiki kadhaa, ikifanya kazi kwa utulivu ndani kwa ajili ya kuunganishwa, suala ambalo lilijadiliwa vikali na washiriki wa kanisa hilo mwaka huo. Wafuasi wa Quaker hawakukusudia kuwa sehemu ya maandamano hayo, lakini walipoona kilichokuwa kikitendeka waliamua kubaki nje ya milango ikiwa wengine hawakuruhusiwa kupita. Baadhi ya watu hawa kutoka Mississippi, weusi na weupe, walikuwa wamejaribu kwa miaka miwili kubomoa ukuta wa ubaguzi uliowaweka nje ya kanisa hili mahususi, kanisa kubwa na lililo huria zaidi la Methodist huko Mississippi. Miezi michache mapema walipojaribu kuingia ndani, walikuwa wamekamatwa. Sasa, hasira zilipungua na mtu akaanza kugonga milango yote iliyofungwa na kupiga kelele, \u201cTuingie!\u201d Mwingine alijaribu kujipenyeza bila mafanikio kwa mlango wa pembeni nyuma ya vizuizi viwili vyeupe. Kisha, wimbo wa maandamano ulipoanza ndani, kiongozi alidhibiti mambo na kuunda waandamanaji kwenye duara chini ya ngazi ndefu ya ngazi za mawe. ”Njoo ujiunge nasi,” aliwaambia Waquaker. \u201cTukishuka huko, hatuwezi kuwa daraja kati yenu na kanisa tena; mkija hapa, sote tunaweza kusimama pamoja,\u201d likawa jibu. Kwa hivyo waandamanaji walikuja, kutengeneza duara, moja kwa moja mbele ya mlango mkuu. Kiongozi alipiga magoti kwa muda, lakini maombi ya kimya kimya yalidumishwa na kundi kwa saa nzima. Wasimamizi wa kanisa waliokuwa wakiuzuia mlango hawakuwa na budi ila kuwa kwenye duara. Mchungaji mkuu, daktari anayejulikana sana, aliivuta sigara yake iliyokuwa ikififia wakati wa mkutano mkubwa zaidi wa kimya kwa ajili ya ibada katika historia ya Mississippi. Baadaye, mwanzilishi huyu alitoa maoni ambayo yalionyesha kulegea kwa mtazamo. Saa moja kabla hali ilionekana kuwa tayari kwa polisi kuingilia kati na kukamatwa tena kwa watu wengi. Mwezi mmoja baadaye kanisa, ambalo lilikuwa limepoteza mchungaji na asilimia kumi ya washiriki wake juu ya suala hilo, walipiga kura kwa hiari kuungana. Ilikuwa ni kuvunjika kwa ukuta, na upesi ilisababisha miunganisho mingine kama hiyo. <\/p>\n

Mara nyingi sana tunasoma neno \u201ckuonyesha\u201d kana kwamba ni \u201cremonstrate.\u201d Neno \u201ckuonyesha\u201d linapaswa kumaanisha \u201ckuonyesha njia kwa kielelezo.\u201d Mwandamanaji anaweza kushawishi kwa kuambukiza tu, na bila amani ya ndani hawezi kueneza amani. Mungu hufanya kazi ndani ya watu, na kile mtu alicho kitadhihirika, haijalishi ni maneno gani yameandikwa kwenye mabango. <\/p>\n

Mwanangu aliniambia, alipokuwa na umri wa miaka 13, kwamba hakuamini katika maandamano ya amani wakati mwingine. \u201cVipi?\u201d Nikasema. ”Ulienda kwenye hija ya Pasaka kwenda Kanada, na hayo yalikuwa maandamano ya amani.” ”Oh, lakini hiyo ilikuwa tofauti,” alisema. ”Hiyo ilikuwa ikifanya<\/i> kitu kweli.” <\/p>\n

Kwa usahihi.<\/p>\n

Asubuhi ya Pasaka, 1967, karibu sisi 300\u2014Waquaker, wapinga vita, na watu wanaopinga vita\u2014tulisimama kando ya Daraja la Amani kati ya Buffalo, New York, na Fort Erie, Kanada, tukiwa tumekesha sehemu kubwa ya usiku kwa zamu. Kusudi letu lilikuwa kupeleka pesa kwa Marafiki wa Kanada. Ilikuwa changamoto ya kimakusudi na ya maombi kwa Wizara ya Hazina ya Marekani kupiga marufuku msaada wa kimatibabu kwa waathiriwa wa shambulio la bomu la Marekani nchini Vietnam. Marafiki wa Kanada wangechukua pesa zetu na, kama walivyokuwa wakifanya kwa muda mrefu, wazitumie kusafirisha vifaa vya matibabu hadi Vietnam Kaskazini na Kusini. Asubuhi hiyo hiyo ya Pasaka, meli ya Phoenix ilikuwa inakaribia Haiphong, Vietnam, ikiwa na shehena ya dawa iliyotumwa na A Quaker Action Group. Kwa sababu serikali ya Marekani ilikuwa imefungia akaunti ya benki ya AQAG na hata ilianza kuzuia hundi kwa Kamati ya Huduma ya Marafiki ya Kanada, tulikuwa tunaenda wenyewe, na pesa taslimu. Kwenye lango jembamba la kuelekea Daraja la Amani, maofisa wa Idara ya Hazina, walioarifiwa mapema, walikuwa wakingoja kutuonya, mmoja baada ya mwingine, juu ya uwezekano wa kifungo cha miaka kumi gerezani. <\/p>\n

Saa 6:00 asubuhi ilikuwa kijivu, bado haijapambazuka, na kulikuwa na mawingu. Tulikuwa tumesimama kwenye duara tulipokusanyika, na mtu fulani akapendekeza, \u201cHebu tufungue duara kuelekea mawio ya jua,\u201d na tukafanya hivyo. Ulikuwa ni mkutano mzuri wa nusu saa wenye huduma nyingi za sauti ambao ulihisiwa sana, na kuelekea mwisho kukaja maneno haya: <\/p>\n

Fungua mashariki kuelekea mawio ya jua,
\n Acha nyuso zako zishikane na moto.
\n Wakati moyo uliobanwa unapasuka na kufunguka,
\n Ni asubuhi, njoo tena.<\/p>\n

Sekunde chache baadaye, jua lilichomoza na bila kutarajia kuvunja mawingu; usiku wa kijivu uligeuka kuwa moto. Kulikuwa na baridi majira yote ya kuchipua na tulikuwa tumetetemeka usiku huo, lakini kabla ya asubuhi nusu saa makoti yalimwagika. Ilikuwa siku ya kwanza halisi ya majira ya kuchipua, na sisi sote, nadhani, tulihisi kama ukweli, ishara iliyofanyika mwili. Tulipojifunza baadaye kuhusu ardhi ya Phoenix yenye kugusa huko Haiphong karibu wakati huo huo, ikiruhusu mabadiliko ya wakati, kama mapambazuko yetu wenyewe, nadhani baadhi yetu tulihisi mshangao wa kishirikina kwa bahati mbaya, na kwa jina la meli. <\/p>\n

Lakini hizi zilikuwa za nje. Kilichokuwa muhimu kwetu ni upole, woga, na furaha, vyote vilichanganyika, tulipokusanyika baada ya kifungua kinywa katika kile tulichoita Chumba cha Chini, kabla tu ya kuvuka daraja. Ilitubidi kukokota maji ya mafuriko kutoka sakafuni kabla hatujaingia. Kisha kukawa kimya na kuzungumza, na msichana wa Kanada aliimba wimbo wa kitamaduni, wa kusikitisha na mzuri. Machozi yalikuwa yakisimama bila kumwagika machoni mwa watu waliotaka kuongea kwa sababu walikuwa na mengi ya kusema lakini hawakuamini sauti zao kuwasemea. Kwa wengi wetu hii ilikuwa uzoefu wetu wa kwanza katika uasi wa raia. Tulijiuliza ikiwa serikali ingetuzuia, kuchukua pesa zetu, au kutukamata. Kwangu mimi, hofu moja ilikuwa kwamba, kama mmoja wa viongozi, ningepata jina langu au picha yangu kwenye magazeti na hivyo kupoteza kazi yangu ya ualimu. (Hadithi iliingia kwenye karatasi ya mji wangu, na sikupoteza kazi yangu.) Ilikuwa ni kabla ya mkutano huo kwamba niliwaambia viongozi wengine kwamba nilikuwa nimeamua kutoka kwenye nafasi yangu salama ya nyuma na kuvuka daraja na kundi la kwanza la wanne. Sikuwaambia kuwa ndicho kitu nilichokuwa nakiogopa zaidi. Ilikuwa ni pumzi ndefu na juu ya maporomoko ya maji. Na hilo ndilo lililoleta tofauti zote. Hisia ya ajabu na joto iliyokuja wakati huo, na wakati mwingine tangu, inaweza kufikiwa tu kwa kutembea. Kama mshairi Theodore Roethke anavyosema, tunajifunza kwa kwenda tunakopaswa kwenda. <\/p>\n

Wakati kiongozi wetu, Ross Flanagan, mtu wa mwisho kuvuka daraja, alirudi kwa mafanikio\u2014akiwa amechukua vifaa halisi vya matibabu, si pesa tu, na kwa hiyo akiwa amekumbana na vizuizi na vitisho vikubwa kuliko sisi wengine\u2014aligeukia kwa baadhi yetu, uso wake ukiwaka, na kusema, kwa urahisi, \u201cBwana amefufuka.\u201d Katika wakati huo tajiri, wakati mambo yote yalionekana kuwa yanawezekana, hapakuwa na hata mmoja wetu pale ambaye alikuwa na shaka. <\/p>\n

\"Ralph
{%CAPTION%}<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Mwaka uliofuata, 1968, ulileta mauaji ya Martin Luther King Jr. na Kampeni ya Watu Maskini. Mnamo Juni, siku tatu baada ya watu 100,000 kukusanyika kwenye Ukumbusho wa Lincoln, Ralph Abernathy aliambia kikundi kilichokesha usiku kucha katika Idara ya Kilimo kwamba alikuwa amefanya makosa kuruhusu nguvu nyingi za harakati ziondolewe na tamasha kubwa la maandamano makubwa; tangu sasa angepiga kura yake pamoja na wale waliokuwa tayari kwenda jela pamoja naye. Siku tatu baadaye karibu 500 walikwenda. Katika basi la kwanza la wafungwa lililokuwa mbele ya Capitol kujazwa, Ralph Abernathy alibariki kikombe cha maji ambacho mtu alitoa, na kikakabidhiwa. Hakukuwa na mengi. Mtu mmoja alikishika kikombe kwa pupa kana kwamba anakinywea, lakini nilipomwambia kwamba Ralph Abernathy alikuwa amebariki maji alinyamaza; uso wake ukalainika, na akanywa kidogo tu. Kulikuwa na ukimya wa komunyo ya kimya ambayo hata maneno hayakuisha. Baadaye, watu wengi wakisafirishwa kwa basi kutoka gereza moja hadi jingine, kuimba na kuimba kulianza. Mtu mmoja, labda mgumu zaidi, mtakatifu zaidi kati yetu, alisimama katikati ya njia na akaongoza kuimba. Maneno hayo aliyapiga kwa miguu, mikono na mwili mzima. Sote tulipiga mhuri na kupiga kelele pamoja naye. Basi likatetemeka, ardhi ikatikisika, na watu weusi barabarani tulipozunguka karibu wote walitabasamu na kutikiswa, wengi kwa salamu ya V au ngumi, na nikafikiri kwamba wakati huu kuta za ukosefu wa haki lazima zishuke. Hawakufanya hivyo. Inachukua zaidi ya furaha na kuimba kufanya mabadiliko ya kimsingi ya kijamii. <\/p>\n

Bado, mwezi mmoja baadaye msaidizi wa mbunge wa seneta na mbunge waliniambia kwamba Kampeni ya Watu Maskini, ingawa haikufikia malengo yake, ilikuwa na athari kubwa zaidi kwa Congress kuliko inavyoweza kukisiwa kutoka kwa maoni mengi ya uhasama kwenye vyombo vya habari-au hata kutoka kwa maoni ya kibinafsi yaliyokatishwa tamaa ya viongozi wenyewe wa vuguvugu.<\/p>\n

Hiyo ilikuwa miaka mingi iliyopita, na sikumbuki hata maneno tuliyoimba. Siwezi kukumbuka vicheshi Dick Gregory na Andy Young walifanya katika kanisa lililojaa watu huko Selma usiku wa kabla ya maandamano ya 1965. Ninaweza tu kukumbuka furaha, vicheko, na kisha watu wanaoyumba-yumba, kanisa linaloyumba-yumba, na mikono yenye joto na mikono iliyopishana tulipoimba \u201cTutashinda.\u201d Miaka minne baadaye nilimsikia Dick Gregory tena mbele ya hadhira kubwa zaidi ya wanafunzi wa chuo huko New Paltz, New York. Bado ujumbe ulikuwa mkali, utani bado ulikuwa mkali, vicheko vilikuwa vikali, na watazamaji walikuwa pamoja naye. Lakini haikuwa sawa. Wakati huu tulikuwa watazamaji, sio washiriki. Tulikuwa wenye huruma, lakini hatukujitolea. Hakukuwa na harufu ya hatari angani, na Martin Luther King alikuwa amekufa. Tulijua kwamba hatungehama ili kuandamana asubuhi. Kulikuwa na roho lakini hakuna mwili. Hakukuwa na kupata mwili, hakuna kugeuka kuwa mkate na mkate na mkate kuwa mwili na Yesu Kristo, hakuna Kuwa Huko. Na hilo ndilo lililoleta tofauti zote. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mwanyeshaji anaweza kushawishi kupitia tu maambukizi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3076354,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9822],"tags":[11121,13653,13656,13655,11219,11999,11345,12376,11272,12239,11064,10914,10737,13654,10785,13657],"fpb_issue_category":[10190],"class_list":["post-3120070","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vipengele","tag-afsc","tag-daraja-la-amani","tag-dick-gregory","tag-idara-ya-hazina","tag-jela","tag-kamati-ya-huduma-ya-marafiki-wa-kanada","tag-kamati-ya-huduma-ya-marafiki-wa-marekani","tag-kanada","tag-kanisa","tag-martin-luther-king-jr","tag-mlango","tag-mtu","tag-quakers","tag-ralph-abernathy","tag-watazamaji","tag-watu-maskini","fpb_issue_category-juni-julai-2015-wanaharakati-dhidi-ya-mystics-dhidi-ya-pragmatists"],"yoast_head":"\nMikesha na Maandamano - Friends Journal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/sw\/mikesha-na-maandamano\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sw_KE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mikesha na Maandamano - Friends Journal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mwanyeshaji anaweza kushawishi kupitia tu maambukizi.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/sw\/mikesha-na-maandamano\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Friends Journal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/friendsjournal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-06-01T05:45:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/11-hathaway.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"779\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"438\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Martin Kelley\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@friendsjournal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@friendsournal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Martin Kelley\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.friendsjournal.org\\\/sw\\\/mikesha-na-maandamano\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.friendsjournal.org\\\/sw\\\/mikesha-na-maandamano\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Martin Kelley\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.friendsjournal.org\\\/sw\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/7ed35dbed87f6eb86c60eeb3e20e078e\"},\"headline\":\"Mikesha na Maandamano\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-06-01T05:45:00+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.friendsjournal.org\\\/sw\\\/mikesha-na-maandamano\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1574,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.friendsjournal.org\\\/sw\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.friendsjournal.org\\\/sw\\\/mikesha-na-maandamano\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.friendsjournal.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/06\\\/11-hathaway.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"afsc\",\"Daraja la Amani\",\"Dick Gregory\",\"Idara ya Hazina\",\"jela\",\"Kamati ya Huduma ya Marafiki wa Kanada\",\"kamati ya huduma ya marafiki wa marekani\",\"Kanada\",\"kanisa\",\"Martin Luther King Jr.\",\"mlango\",\"mtu\",\"Quakers\",\"Ralph Abernathy\",\"watazamaji\",\"Watu Maskini\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Vipengele\"],\"inLanguage\":\"sw-KE\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.friendsjournal.org\\\/sw\\\/mikesha-na-maandamano\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.friendsjournal.org\\\/sw\\\/mikesha-na-maandamano\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.friendsjournal.org\\\/sw\\\/mikesha-na-maandamano\\\/\",\"name\":\"Mikesha na Maandamano - 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