{"id":3125943,"date":"2022-08-01T02:05:00","date_gmt":"2022-08-01T06:05:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/je-marafiki-bado-wanahitaji-ushuhuda-wa-amani\/"},"modified":"2025-10-12T06:40:18","modified_gmt":"2025-10-12T10:40:18","slug":"je-marafiki-bado-wanahitaji-ushuhuda-wa-amani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/sw\/je-marafiki-bado-wanahitaji-ushuhuda-wa-amani\/","title":{"rendered":"Je, Marafiki Bado Wanahitaji Ushuhuda wa Amani?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Katika baadhi ya njia, Quakers si kama Quaker kama sisi kutumika kuwa. <\/p>\n\n

Kwa mfano, ni vigumu kufikiria Rafiki akisomewa nje ya mkutano kwa ajili ya kufilisika, kama ingetokea katika sehemu kubwa ya historia yetu. Ushuhuda wetu dhidi ya kuadhimisha siku na nyakati wenyewe unazingatiwa bila usawa, huku baadhi ya mikutano ya Marafiki ikiandaa uwindaji wa mayai ya Pasaka, huku mingine ikisimamisha miti ya Krismasi kwenye lango la kuingilia. Ushuhuda wa marafiki juu ya kiasi, usio wa ulimwengu wote kama wengine, hauonekani popote miongoni mwa Marafiki wa marafiki zangu, ambao wengi wao wana maoni kwamba kwa vile divai ilimtosha Yesu, hakika inatufaa. \u201cShuhuda hizi na zingine\u201d\u2014mazoea ya pamoja yanayoshuhudia kazi ya Roho ndani na miongoni mwetu\u2014ambayo yalikuwa yakiwatenga Waquaker kutoka kwa \u201culimwengu\u201d yamedhoofishwa sana kwa muda wa miaka 100 iliyopita, kwani mambo zaidi yameachiwa kwa dhamiri ya mtu binafsi na kama Marafiki kwa pamoja wamepoteza ladha yetu ya uzee wa misuli unaohitajika kudumisha kutokuwepo kwa nidhamu thabiti katika jumuiya. Hata hivyo, ushuhuda wa amani unadumu, ukibaki kuwa sehemu muhimu ya utambulisho wetu kama Marafiki. <\/p>\n\n

Lakini je, ushuhuda wa amani ulikuwa na siku yake? Katika miongo ya hivi majuzi, Marafiki na wengine waliowekeza katika mustakabali wa Jumuiya yetu wamehoji ikiwa kukataa kabisa kwa vita ni jambo lisilokubalika, hata lisilo la kiadili. Kutoka kwa Scott Simon ”Tafakari juu ya Matukio ya Septemba 11,” iliyochapishwa baada ya mashambulizi ya 9\/11, hadi tafakari ya hivi majuzi ya Bryan Garman ”Ushuhuda wa Amani na Ukraine,” Marafiki wanaulizwa ikiwa tunaweza kujitolea kweli kupinga vita vyote, au ikiwa badala yake tuna wajibu wa kimaadili wa kushinikiza kuingilia kati-ikiwa ni pamoja na uingiliaji wa kijeshi uliopangwa wa wahasiriwa – ikiwa ni lazima. Ukweli wa mateso ya mwanadamu katika migogoro ya vurugu hauwezi kupingwa. Ikiwa matumizi yetu ya nguvu yanaweza kumaliza mzozo, tunawezaje kuhalalisha kukataa moja kwa moja na bila kukosoa kutumia nguvu hiyo? Pacifism, ingawa inapendeza kimsingi, haifanyi kazi kila wakati, na demokrasia ikishambuliwa na ufashisti kwenye maandamano, ulimwengu unahitaji sana suluhisho madhubuti. <\/p>\n\n

Kauli hii\u2014kwamba ulimwengu unahitaji masuluhisho madhubuti kwa matatizo tunayokabili\u2014huenda ikawa sahihi. Hakika inahisi kulazimisha. Lakini kama Marafiki wanataka kudumisha uadilifu wetu kama watu wanaotangaza kuwa washiriki katika jumuiya ya kidini, basi badala ya kujitolea kwa ushuhuda wa amani\u2014ni muhimu; inafanya kazi?\u2014ni lazima tutafute msingi wa kiroho wa kujitolea kwetu kwa amani. Pragmatism tu haitafanya. Hebu tutafute msingi huo wa kiroho pamoja kwa kuzingatia kifungu hiki kutoka kwa Azimio la 1660 kwa Charles II, mojawapo ya kauli zenye mamlaka ya ushuhuda wetu wa kimapokeo dhidi ya vita:<\/p>\n\n

\n

Kwamba roho ya Kristo, ambayo tunaongozwa nayo, haibadiliki, ili kutuamuru mara moja kutoka kwa jambo mbaya na tena kuhamia kwa hilo; na kwa hakika tunajua, na hivyo kushuhudia kwa ulimwengu, kwamba roho ya Kristo, ambayo hutuongoza katika Kweli yote, haitatusukuma kamwe kupigana na kupigana na mtu yeyote mwenye silaha za nje, wala kwa ajili ya ufalme wa Kristo, wala kwa ajili ya falme za ulimwengu huu.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n

Lakini hatuwezi kutegemea tu ufunuo wa karne nyingi wa mababu zetu wa Quaker kutuambia tunaongozwa wapi leo. Maneno ya George Fox bado yanatupa changamoto: \u201cUnaweza kusema nini?\u201d <\/p>\n\n

Je, Roho wa Kristo Yupo?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Marafiki wengi leo, hasa katika desturi za Kiliberali ambazo hazijaratibiwa ambapo mimi hufanya makao yangu, wako raha zaidi kuzungumza juu ya \u201cNuru\u201d kuliko \u201cMungu\u201d au \u201cRoho.\u201d Kwa wengine, hili ni jambo rahisi kutumia maneno tofauti kurejelea Chanzo kimoja cha Kimungu. Lakini kwa wengine, Nuru haielekezi kwa Kiumbe chochote tofauti au Nguvu. Badala yake, Nuru ni ufahamu wangu wa juu zaidi<\/g> au dira yangu ya ndani<\/g> . Kwa watu kama hao, kufuata Nuru kunamaanisha kufanya kile ambacho ni cha uzima zaidi na sahihi kwangu kufanya<\/em> na kufuata mwongozo kunamaanisha kujitolea kwa kile ninachofikiria kibinafsi kuwa sawa.<\/em> Kwa Marafiki hawa, hakuna dhana ya Mungu zaidi ya ufahamu wote wa mwanadamu. Hakuna nafasi kwa Bwana ambaye anaweza kudai kwamba tufanye mambo ambayo hatutaki kufanya; mambo ambayo huenda yakaonekana kuwa yasiyo ya kiakili, yasiyofaa, au hata\u2014kulingana na viwango vya ulimwengu\u2014yasivyofaa. Kwa Marafiki walio na mwelekeo huu wa kibinadamu zaidi, kusawazisha matumizi sio tu muhimu lakini ni muhimu, vinginevyo ”nuru yangu” inawezaje kuamua nini ni sawa na nini cha kufanya? Kwa Marafiki hawa, ”inafanya kazi?” ni swali muhimu. <\/p>\n\n

Hilo lasimama kinyume kabisa na dhana ya Marafiki wa mapema, waliotambulisha Nuru pamoja na Kristo: \u201cNuru ya kweli, amtiaye nuru kila mtu ajaye ulimwenguni,\u201d kama Marafiki kama George Fox walivyofafanua Yohana 1:9. Nuru waliyoijua ilikuwa kamili ndani ya Yesu wa Nazareti, na sio tu kwamba ina uwezo wa kutuleta katika mgongano na utamaduni unaotuzunguka bali imehakikishiwa kufanya hivyo, sawa na alivyofanya Yesu, ambaye \u201caliijia iliyo yake, wala watu wake hawakumkubali\u201d ( Yohana 1:11 ). Dhana hii ya Nuru\u2014ambayo inaweza kutufanya sisi kuwa waovu au wapumbavu machoni pa ulimwengu\u2014ndiyo iliyowapa Marafiki wa mapema kama Stephen Grellet ujasiri wa kuhubiri kwenye majengo matupu, au kama Mary Fisher kusafiri katika bara ili kushiriki injili na mfalme wa kigeni, au kama Mary Dyer kukabiliana na kuuawa kwa kuhubiri uzushi. <\/p>\n\n

Kwa hiyo kuna angalau \u201cNuru\u201d mbili tunazoweza kutazamia kwa ajili ya mwongozo: \u201cNuru ya Kufikiri\u201d ya kibinadamu, ya kisaikolojia au ile ya kimungu, \u201cNuru ya Kristo\u201d yenye mamlaka. Kujua tunayorejelea kutaamua ikiwa tunatafuta kuifuata kwa kukusanya ukweli na kutumia akili zetu kusawazisha vipaumbele vinavyoshindana\u2014tuseme, madhara yanayosababishwa na kushiriki katika vita dhidi ya madhara yanayoruhusiwa na amani\u2014au kama tunatafuta kuifuata kwa kusali kufungua nafsi zetu kwa Mapenzi ya Kimungu. <\/p>\n\n

Je, Tunaweza Kukubali Roho Inayotuongoza na Kutuamuru? <\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Marafiki wa Mapema mara nyingi walirudia ukweli kwamba ni lazima kila mmoja \u201catimize wokovu [wetu] mwenyewe kwa kuogopa na kutetemeka\u201d ( Flp. 2:12 ); haitoshi kuchukua neno la mwingine kwa kile ambacho ni sawa. Hili linaweza kuonekana kumaanisha ubinafsi wa kiroho wenye msimamo mkali, na kila Rafiki akijiamulia kilicho sawa, kama si kwa vipengele viwili muhimu vya imani yetu ya kimapokeo: kwanza, kwamba Mungu atazungumza nasi, na pili, kwamba ni lazima tukusanyike pamoja na watu wengine waaminifu ili kusikia kikamilifu kile ambacho Mungu anasema. <\/p>\n\n

Wakati Quaker wa mapema walipoondoa matabaka ya uongozi wa kanisa ambao ulikuwa na sifa ya Kanisa la Anglikana katika wakati wao, walifanya hivyo wakiwa wamesimama katika imani kwamba wangeweza kumjua Baba yao wa Mbinguni kwa ukaribu kama vile mwana wake alivyofanya: hawakuwa tena watumishi tu wa Kristo, bali marafiki (Yohana 15:15). Hawakuwa wakikataa mwongozo wa Roho bali wakisisitiza juu yake: usiochujwa, usiodhibitiwa, na usiochafuliwa na matabaka ya mapadre na maaskofu. Marafiki kijadi hawakutegemea mawazo ya kibinadamu, ambayo Fox aliita ”mawazo hewa,” lakini badala yake walisikiliza kwa makini jinsi Mungu alikuwa akiita. <\/p>\n\n

Ikiwa Jumuiya ya Kidini ya Kisasa ya Marafiki imeacha kuamini katika Mungu ambaye yote mawili hufanya mapenzi Yake yajulikane na ana mamlaka ya kutarajia utiifu wetu, hatuna chaguo ila kujifanya wenyewe kuwa waamuzi wa lililo sawa na lililo baya: hakuna mtu mwingine wa kufanya kazi hiyo! Ikiwa ndivyo hivyo, hata hivyo, basi tunapaswa kuwa waaminifu kwamba kile tunachoabudu na kufuata ni akili yetu wenyewe na mapenzi yetu, na si Muumba ambaye Maisha na Upendo wake huhuisha ulimwengu. <\/p>\n\n

Zaidi ya hayo, ni muhimu kwamba kauli ya ushuhuda wetu wa amani inazungumza kuhusu Roho akituongoza \u201csisi.\u201d Marafiki hawajaweka kamwe mzigo wa kutambua mapenzi ya Mungu kwa watu wanaotenda peke yao. Badala yake, tunatambua kama jumuiya: kwa kuzingatia ushuhuda wetu wa kimapokeo; kwa mwanga wa maisha ya wale tunaowajua kuwa watu wacha Mungu; na katika mwanga wa Biblia, hasa huduma ya Yesu na ushuhuda wa kanisa la kwanza. Tunapokusanyika ili kutambua kwa njia hii, tunafanya hivyo kwa ujasiri, iliyoonyeshwa katika mchoro maarufu wa Quaker The Presence in the Midst<\/em> na James Doyle Penrose, kwamba \u201cwalipo wawili au watatu wamekusanyika katika jina [la Kristo], [yeye yuko] katikati yao\u201d ( Mt. 18:20 ). Kila mtu kujiamulia ukweli si Quakerism, ni Ranterism, udanganyifu uliotolewa na Marafiki wa mapema kwa sababu ya jinsi mtu binafsi anapotoshwa kwa urahisi na kiburi na shauku. Badala ya kuwaacha Marafiki wajiandae wenyewe, kimapokeo tumekusanyika ili kusikiliza Nuru tukiwa na usadikisho kamili kwamba Mungu atafanya mapenzi Yake yajulikane ikiwa tutayatafuta kwa bidii kama kundi lililokusanyika. Lakini utambuzi huu wa ushirika, mkusanyiko huu na kungoja, ni nidhamu ya kiroho inayokatisha tamaa na inayochukua muda mwingi ambayo inahitaji uvumilivu na unyenyekevu. Ikiwa tumeiacha, na labda tumeiacha, tuseme hivyo kwa uwazi badala ya kujifanya vinginevyo. <\/p>\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Uharibifu wa Vita vya Kwanza vya Kidunia. Madhabahu katika kanisa la Segusino, Italia. Picha kwa hisani ya Maktaba ya Kitaifa ya Austria. <\/p>\n\n

\n\n

Je, Tunaamini Kwamba Mapenzi ya Mungu Hubadilika Kadiri Muda unavyopita?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Marafiki wa Awali waliamini kwamba Roho hawezi kubadilika: Mungu ambaye anazungumza nasi leo ni Mungu yule yule aliyezungumza na manabii na Kanisa la kwanza. Marafiki, wakiwa washiriki wa vuguvugu walioona kuwa \u201cUkristo wa awali umehuishwa,\u201d waliamini kwamba desturi za kidini ambazo hazipo katika Biblia zilipaswa kutupiliwa mbali kwa ajili ya uzoefu safi zaidi wa ibada \u201ckatika roho na kweli\u201d ( Yohana 4:24 ), kama walivyosema mara nyingi. Pia walikuwa na uhakika kwamba mafunuo yoyote waliyopokea hayangepingana na mapenzi ya Mungu kama yanavyoonyeshwa katika Maandiko. Kwa hiyo walitambua jinsi ya kutembea katika Nuru kwa kufikiria kwa sala \u201cwingu la mashahidi\u201d la kibiblia ( Ebr. 12:1 ) na kwa kufikiria iwapo mazoezi yaliyopendekezwa yangeelekea kutia moyo au kukatisha tamaa tunda la Roho: \u201cupendo, furaha, amani, uvumilivu, fadhili, fadhili, uaminifu, upole, na kiasi\u201d ( Gal. 23:22 ). Kwa Marafiki ambao waliamini kwamba ufunuo wa kimungu haungeweza kupingana yenyewe, hata katika muda na utamaduni, badiliko lililopendekezwa kwa shahidi wa Quaker lilikuwa na uwezekano mkubwa wa kuiondoa Jumuiya kutoka kwa mapenzi ya Mungu kuliko kuielekea. Kwa hiyo, mchakato wa kimakusudi na wa maombi ulikuwa muhimu ili kuhakikisha kwamba badiliko linalowezekana lilikuwa jibu kwa mwendo wa Roho, badala ya mabadiliko katika utamaduni. <\/p>\n\n

Marafiki wa Mapema walikuwa na sababu nyingi za kuamini kwamba Mungu huwaita wale wanaomfuata kupinga vita. Waliguswa moyo sana na vifungu vya unabii kama vile katika kitabu cha Biblia cha Mika kilichoahidi kwamba Mungu atahukumu kati ya mataifa ambayo \u201cwatafua panga zao ziwe majembe, na mikuki yao iwe miundu; taifa halitainua upanga juu ya taifa lingine, wala hawatajifunza vita tena kamwe\u201d ( Mika 4:3 ). Wengi wetu tunafahamu picha za Rafiki Edward Hicks za simba aliyelala chini na mwana-kondoo katika ufalme wa amani, picha nyingine ambayo imewatia moyo Marafiki kwa karne nyingi. Katika ufalme huo wenye amani, wale wakaao humo \u201chawatadhuru wala kuharibu juu ya mlima mtakatifu wote [wa Mungu], kwa maana dunia itajawa na kumjua BWANA kama maji yaifunikavyo bahari\u201d ( Isaya 11:9 ). Yesu aliwaambia wafuasi wake wasiwazuie watenda maovu ( Mt. 5:39 ), akiwaonya kwamba wale wanaoishi kwa upanga\u2014kwa nguvu za jeuri\u2014watakufa kwa upanga pia ( Mt. 26:52 ). Na Marafiki wa kwanza mara kwa mara walimnukuu Mtume Paulo kwa dhana ya msingi ya Marafiki ya Vita vya Mwana-Kondoo, ambavyo haviwezi kufanywa dhidi ya nyama na damu, kwani watu wengine hawawezi kamwe kudhuriwa na watu walioitwa kuwapenda adui zao; badala yake, wale wanaopigana na uovu lazima wategemee haki, imani, na\u2014ndiyo\u2014injili ya amani ( Efe. 6:12\u201317 ). George Fox alidokeza kifungu hiki cha mwisho miongoni mwa vingine katika Azimio la 1660, alipoandika: <\/p>\n\n

\n

Silaha zetu ni za kiroho, na si za kimwili, bali zina uwezo katika Mungu, hata kuangusha ngome za dhambi na Shetani, ambaye ndiye mwanzilishi wa vita, mapigano, mauaji na njama. Panga zetu zimevunjwa ziwe majembe, na mikuki kuwa miundu, kama ilivyotabiriwa katika Mika. Kwa hiyo hatuwezi kujifunza vita tena, wala kuinuka dhidi ya taifa au ufalme kwa silaha za nje. <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n

Ikiwa hatuamini katika Roho anayeweza kutuongoza na kutuongoza na ambaye tumeitwa kumfuata, ushuhuda wa amani si chochote zaidi ya wazo zuri sana ambalo tumekuwa tukienda nalo kwa muda wote lilipofanya kazi. Ikiwa ndivyo ilivyo, inaweza kutupwa wakati haipati tena matokeo yaliyohitajika. Ikiwa, kwa upande mwingine, tunaamini kwamba Roho ana nia kuu, isiyobadilika ambayo si kioo tu cha mawazo yetu ya juu au maadili ya ndani kabisa, ni lazima tuendelee kutembea kwa amani na kutokuwa na hatia ikiwa ndivyo Mungu anatuita, hata kama tunaonekana kuwa dhaifu, wajinga, au wasio na akili kwa kufanya hivyo. <\/p>\n\n

Kutambua Njia ya Mbele<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Ushuhuda wa amani wa marafiki unategemea Maandiko ya Kiebrania na ya Kikristo yaliyochukua miaka 10,000, karne za ushuhuda katika kanisa la kabla ya Konstantini, milenia ya heshima iliyolipwa kwa wafia imani waliokufa kama wana-kondoo badala ya simba, na miaka 350 ya uthabiti (ikiwa haijatimizwa kila wakati) ushuhuda wa Quaker dhidi ya vita kwa upinzani wake kwa Roho wa Mungu na kinyume na mapenzi ya Kristo. Sikuzote kumekuwa na sababu nzuri za kupigana vita; fundisho zima la nadharia ya uadilifu ya vita linatokana na usadikisho kwamba watu ambao wangemfuata Mungu hawawezi kusimama bila kufanya kazi huku wasio na hatia wakichinjwa. Sisi sio kizazi cha kwanza kupata vitisho vya vita, na hatutakuwa wa mwisho. <\/p>\n\n

Ukweli wa uharibifu wa vita haujabadilika. Kwa hivyo, ikiwa tuko wazi kwamba tunaamini katika mapenzi ya kimungu yasiyobadilika ambayo hutuongoza na kutuamuru, na pia katika uwezo wetu wa kuendelea (na kujitolea) kutambua mapenzi hayo, swali tunalopaswa kujibu si, je, tubadili mawazo yetu kuhusu vita?<\/em> lakini badala yake, je, Mungu huwaita watu wake kwenye upinzani usiobadilika wa vita?<\/em> <\/p>\n\n

Ikiwa kuna wale ndani ya Jumuiya yetu ya Kidini ambao wamepokea ufunuo kwamba Mungu hatuiti hivyo, lazima tujitayarishe kuuweka pamoja katika utambuzi wa ushirika na kusimama katika Nuru ya Ukweli, hata ikiwa hiyo inamaanisha kukataa ushuhuda wa miaka 350 ya Marafiki kama msingi wa makosa. Vinginevyo, tunaweza kukubali kwamba tunaamini kwamba maadili ya Mungu yanapaswa kuakisi yetu, badala ya kinyume chake, na kuacha madai yetu ya kimapokeo\u2014na ya kustaajabisha\u2014kwamba ukweli wa kimungu ni thabiti kwa wakati wote na unaweza kujulikana kwa uhakika. Kile ambacho hatuwezi kufanya ni kudai kuwa tunamfuata Roho kwa namna ya Marafiki wa mapema huku tukibadilisha tafakari zetu za kiakili kwa utii wao wa maombi. <\/p>\n\n

Ikiwa, hata hivyo, ushuhuda wa amani ni ushahidi wa nje wa kazi ya Mungu kati yetu, basi kujitoa kwao kutatupeleka katika dhabihu ya maombi na mshikamano mkali na wahasiriwa wa vurugu. Sababu ya amani itatutia moyo kuchukua misimamo isiyopendwa na watu wengi kwa sababu zisizopendwa na watu wengi, kwa sababu imani yetu iko kwa Mungu ambaye haturuhusu kutumia jeuri hata kwa sababu nzuri. Tutaongozwa kushiriki uaminifu wetu kwa Mwanakondoo na vita Vyake katika roho ya upendo na unyenyekevu, tukiwaalika wengine katika njia mpya ya kuishi. Tutajifunza kuamini kwamba si kazi ya Marafiki kuokoa demokrasia au kupigana na ufashisti au kupunguza madhara; ni kazi yetu kumsikiliza Roho na kutii. <\/p>\n\n

Nafasi ya ushuhuda wa amani katika siku zijazo za Jumuiya ya Kidini ya Marafiki inapaswa kuakisi maono ya uaminifu tunayoitwa kumwilisha pamoja, na ninatumai tutatambua maono hayo kwa ujasiri na uadilifu. Tuwe waaminifu. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kurudisha nguvu ya injili ya Azimio la 1660.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5090,"featured_media":3088307,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9822],"tags":[10900,17706,11445,11700],"fpb_issue_category":[10291],"class_list":["post-3125943","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vipengele","tag-mungu","tag-rafiki-edward-hicks","tag-roho","tag-ushuhuda-wa-amani","fpb_issue_category-agosti-2022"],"yoast_head":"\nJe! Ushuhuda wa Amani Bado Unafaa kwa Quakerism ya Kisasa?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Mazoea ya Quaker ambayo hapo awali yalitutofautisha kutoka kwa wasio Waquaker yamefifia baada ya muda. Hata hivyo, ushuhuda wa amani unabaki kuwa utambulisho muhimu wa Imani ya Quaker. 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