{"id":3130528,"date":"2019-06-01T03:15:38","date_gmt":"2019-06-01T07:15:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/ulaji-mboga-katika-historia-ya-quaker\/"},"modified":"2019-06-01T03:15:38","modified_gmt":"2019-06-01T07:15:38","slug":"ulaji-mboga-katika-historia-ya-quaker","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/sw\/ulaji-mboga-katika-historia-ya-quaker\/","title":{"rendered":"Ulaji mboga katika Historia ya Quaker"},"content":{"rendered":"
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{%CAPTION%}<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"M<\/span> Quakers wowote wanaona kutafakari juu ya maadili ya chakula kama jambo la hivi karibuni. Kwa kweli, utambuzi kama huo umekuwa sehemu muhimu ya mila ya Marafiki kwa karne nyingi. Wakomeshaji wengi wa Quaker katika miaka ya 1700, kwa mfano, walijitolea sana kwa ulaji mboga kama sehemu muhimu ya njia yao ya kiroho wakati ambapo ulaji mboga ulikuwa nadra sana katika utamaduni mpana. <\/p>\n

Mmoja kama hao wa Quaker wa mboga waliojitolea alikuwa Benjamin Lay, ambaye maisha yake na shahidi yake yamezingatiwa sana katika miaka michache iliyopita tangu kuchapishwa kwa The Fearless Benjamin Lay<\/em> na mwanahistoria Marcus Rediker. Lay alikuwa mmoja wa watu wa kwanza katika historia kutoa wito wa kukomeshwa kabisa kwa utumwa. Ahadi ya Lay ya kuheshimu viumbe vyote vya Mungu pia ilimfanya ahangaikie sana wanyama wasio wanadamu. Ilisemwa juu yake kwamba \u201cdhamiri yake nyororo haingemruhusu kula chakula chochote, wala kuvaa vazi lolote, wala kutumia kitu chochote ambacho kilinunuliwa kwa gharama ya uhai wa mnyama.\u201d <\/p>\n

Mkomeshaji mwingine wa mboga wa Quaker alikuwa Joshua Evans, aliyeishi wakati mmoja na mwenye ushawishi juu ya mawazo ya John Woolman. \u201cNiliona kwamba uhai ulikuwa mtamu katika viumbe vyote,\u201d Evans asema, \u201cna kuuondoa kukawa jambo la huruma sana kwangu.\u201d \u201cMara nyingi roho yangu iliinamishwa kwa heshima ya kutisha mbele za Aliye Juu Zaidi, na kufunikwa na hisia za unyenyekevu na wororo,\u201d Evans asimulia, ambayo kutokana na hayo ilifunuliwa \u201ckwamba sikupaswa tena kushiriki chochote chenye uhai.\u201d Anthony Benezet, mkomeshaji mwingine maarufu wa Quaker, vivyo hivyo alikubali mlo wa mboga, akitoa maelezo kwamba alikuwa amefanyiza \u201caina fulani ya muungano wa urafiki na amani pamoja na viumbe wa wanyama.\u201d <\/p>\n

John Woolman alishiriki hisia sawa kuhusu hali ya wanyama kama viumbe wapendwao wa Mungu. \u201cKusema kwamba tunampenda Mungu tusioonekana na wakati uleule tunamtendea kwa ukatili kiumbe mdogo kabisa anayetembea na maisha yake, au kwa uhai utokao kwake,\u201d akasema Woolman, \u201cilikuwa ni kupingana yenyewe.\u201d Ingawa hakuna uthibitisho kwamba Woolman aliwahi kula mboga kabisa kama Lay, Evans, na Benezet, iliandikwa na rafiki kwamba Woolman ”alikula nyama mara chache.” Woolman pia alionyesha kujali wanyama kwa njia nyinginezo, kwa mfano kwa kutembea katika safari zake zote kupitia Uingereza ili kuepuka kuchangia ukatili kwa farasi katika sekta ya makocha. <\/p>\n

Viongozi wa Quaker wa vuguvugu la haki ya wanawake kupiga kura, katika kipindi cha baadaye, pia mara nyingi walikuwa walaji mboga. Miongoni mwa wanawake hao alikuwa Alice Paul, mhusika mkuu katika vuguvugu la kupigania haki za wanawake na mapambano mengine ya usawa wa wanawake nchini Marekani. Akizungumzia uamuzi wake wa kuwa mla-mboga, Paul alisema hivi: \u201cNilifikiriwa kwamba sikuona jinsi ningeweza kuendelea kula nyama. Ilionekana kwangu kuwa . . . kula nyama. Vile vile, viongozi wengi wa vuguvugu la kupigania haki za wanawake nchini Uingereza walikuwa wapenda mboga, wakiwemo Waquaker wengi. <\/p>\n

Chama cha Marafiki kilikuwa dhehebu la kwanza la Kikristo kuunda chama cha walaji mboga chenye msingi wa imani, kilichoanzisha Jumuiya ya Wala Mboga ya Marafiki mwaka wa 1902. Hapo awali Quakers pia walikuwa na jukumu kubwa katika uundaji wa Jumuiya ya Wala Mboga ya Uingereza mnamo 1847. <\/p>\n

Ingawa imekuwa jambo la kawaida hivi majuzi kukosoa ulaji mboga kama jambo la wazungu, matajiri wasomi, ukweli ni kwamba watu wa rangi mara nyingi wamekuwa mstari wa mbele katika harakati za mboga, wakitambua uhusiano wa kina kati ya aina zote za ukandamizaji na unyanyasaji.<\/p><\/div>\n

Kukumbatia<\/span> kwake mlo wa mboga kumeshirikiwa na wanamageuzi wengine wengi wasio na jeuri waliochochewa kiroho katika historia. Kwa mfano, Gandhi anadai kwamba \u201cmaendeleo ya kiroho yanadai . . . kwamba tunapaswa kuacha kuwaua viumbe wenzetu ili kutosheleza mahitaji yetu ya kimwili.\u201d \u201cInatuwia vibaya kuomba katika sala zetu za kila siku baraka za Mungu, Mwenye Huruma,\u201d yeye asema, \u201cikiwa sisi kwa upande wetu hatutazoea huruma ya msingi kuelekea viumbe wenzetu.\u201d Pamoja na Gandhi, waonaji wengine mashuhuri wa hivi majuzi wasio na jeuri ambao wamechukua lishe ya mboga ni pamoja na Cesar Chavez, Coretta Scott King, Dexter King (mtoto wa Coretta Scott King na Martin Luther King Jr.), Thich Nhat Hanh, Vandana Shiva, na wengine. Tabia moja ya kushangaza ya watu katika orodha hii ni kwamba wote ni watu wa rangi. Ingawa imekuwa jambo la kawaida hivi majuzi kukosoa ulaji mboga kama jambo la wazungu, matajiri wasomi, ukweli ni kwamba watu wa rangi mara nyingi wamekuwa mstari wa mbele katika harakati za mboga, wakitambua uhusiano wa kina kati ya aina zote za ukandamizaji na unyanyasaji.<\/p>\n

Ingawa kuwajali wanyama kumekuwa kichocheo kikuu cha ulaji mboga wa Quaker, katika miaka ya hivi karibuni masuala mengine muhimu na ya kulazimisha yameongezwa pia. Hizi ni pamoja na utambuzi wa faida za ulaji mboga kwa afya ya binadamu, mazingira, na njaa duniani. Kama vile Shirika la Wakristo Wala Mboga linavyosema, \u201cMilo ya kisasa inayotokana na wanyama inaelekea kudhuru sana afya yetu, mazingira, watu maskini na wenye njaa ulimwenguni pote.\u201d Kwa kuwa mlo unaotokana na mimea husaidia kutatua matatizo hayo, tunaona hiyo kuwa fursa ya kumheshimu Mungu. <\/p>\n

\n

Marejeleo<\/h3>\n

Geoffrey Plank, ”‘Mwali wa Uhai Uliwashwa katika Viumbe Vyote vya Wanyama na Wenye Nyeti’: Maoni ya Mkoloni Mmoja wa Wanyama wa Quaker,” Historia ya Kanisa<\/i> 76:3 (2007): 569-590. https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/27645034?<\/a><\/p>\n

Samantha Jane Calvert, ”Mlo wa Edeni: Ukristo na Mboga 1809-2009,” Ph.D. tasnifu, Chuo Kikuu cha Birmingham (2012), ukurasa wa 163-201. https:\/\/etheses.bham.ac.uk\/id\/eprint\/4575\/<\/a><\/p>\n

Donald Brooks Kelley, ”‘Kuzingatia Zabuni kwa Uumbaji Mzima’: Anthony Benezet na Kuibuka kwa Ikolojia ya Quaker ya Karne ya Kumi na Nane,” Jarida la Pennsylvania la Historia na Wasifu<\/i> 106:1 (1982): 69-88. https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/20091642?<\/a><\/p>\n

Jarida la Maisha, Safari, Mazoezi ya Kidini, na Kazi katika Kazi ya Huduma ya Joshua Evans<\/i> ; chagua manukuu kutoka kwa jarida linalopatikana katika https:\/\/en.wikiquote.org\/wiki\/Joshua_Evans_(Quaker_minister)<\/a><\/p>\n

”Mazungumzo na Alice Paul,” mahojiano yaliyofanywa na Amelia Fry (1972). https:\/\/content.cdlib.org\/view?docId=kt6f59n89c&doc.view=entire_text<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Maadili ya chakula kwa muda mrefu imekuwa sehemu muhimu ya utamaduni wa Marafiki.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3081808,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9822],"tags":[10735,10959,11309,15614,22243,22245,10936,11919,10900,22244,10737,11788,10930],"fpb_issue_category":[10257],"class_list":["post-3130528","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vipengele","tag-afya","tag-alice-paul","tag-anthony-benezet","tag-cesar-chavez","tag-coretta-scott-king","tag-historia-ya-kanisa","tag-john-woolman","tag-mazoezi","tag-mungu","tag-quaker-nyingi","tag-quakers","tag-uingereza-2","tag-wanawake","fpb_issue_category-juni-julai-2019-chaguo-za-chakula"],"yoast_head":"\nUlaji mboga katika Historia ya Quaker - Friends Journal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/sw\/ulaji-mboga-katika-historia-ya-quaker\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sw_KE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ulaji mboga katika Historia ya Quaker\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Maadili ya chakula kwa muda mrefu imekuwa sehemu muhimu ya utamaduni wa Marafiki.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/sw\/ulaji-mboga-katika-historia-ya-quaker\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Friends Journal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/friendsjournal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-06-01T07:15:38+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/sniegocki-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"779\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"438\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Martin Kelley\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Ulaji mboga katika Historia ya Quaker\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@friendsjournal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@friendsournal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Martin Kelley\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.friendsjournal.org\\\/sw\\\/ulaji-mboga-katika-historia-ya-quaker\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.friendsjournal.org\\\/sw\\\/ulaji-mboga-katika-historia-ya-quaker\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Martin Kelley\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.friendsjournal.org\\\/sw\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/7ed35dbed87f6eb86c60eeb3e20e078e\"},\"headline\":\"Ulaji mboga katika Historia ya Quaker\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-06-01T07:15:38+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.friendsjournal.org\\\/sw\\\/ulaji-mboga-katika-historia-ya-quaker\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":960,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.friendsjournal.org\\\/sw\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.friendsjournal.org\\\/sw\\\/ulaji-mboga-katika-historia-ya-quaker\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.friendsjournal.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/05\\\/sniegocki-1.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"afya\",\"Alice Paul\",\"Anthony Benezet\",\"Cesar Chavez\",\"Coretta Scott King\",\"Historia ya Kanisa\",\"John Woolman\",\"mazoezi\",\"Mungu\",\"Quaker nyingi\",\"Quakers\",\"Uingereza\",\"wanawake\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Vipengele\"],\"inLanguage\":\"sw-KE\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.friendsjournal.org\\\/sw\\\/ulaji-mboga-katika-historia-ya-quaker\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.friendsjournal.org\\\/sw\\\/ulaji-mboga-katika-historia-ya-quaker\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.friendsjournal.org\\\/sw\\\/ulaji-mboga-katika-historia-ya-quaker\\\/\",\"name\":\"Ulaji mboga katika Historia ya Quaker - 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