{"id":3137446,"date":"2026-05-01T02:15:00","date_gmt":"2026-05-01T06:15:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/kamati-ya-marafiki-wa-kiamerika-katika-amerika-ya-kilatini\/"},"modified":"2026-05-29T11:21:51","modified_gmt":"2026-05-29T15:21:51","slug":"kamati-ya-marafiki-wa-kiamerika-katika-amerika-ya-kilatini","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.friendsjournal.org\/sw\/kamati-ya-marafiki-wa-kiamerika-katika-amerika-ya-kilatini\/","title":{"rendered":"Kamati ya Marafiki wa Kiamerika katika Amerika ya Kilatini"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Kutenda kwa Upendo katika Mazingira ya Vurugu na Utengano<\/strong><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n
Mwanzo wa Safari Isiyokwisha<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n

Mwaka 1927, kikundi cha Waquaker wanne\u2014miongoni mwao mwanamke\u2014kutoka Kamati ya Marafiki wa Kiamerika (AFSC) walifanya safari ya uchunguzi hadi Nicaragua katikati ya mgogoro uliojaa uingiliaji wa kijeshi wa Marekani. Mwaka huo huo Augusto C. Sandino, kiongozi wa kijeshi wa mapinduzi wa kidemokrasia, alichukua silaha kupinga Mkataba wa Espino Negro, mkataba ambao uliimarisha uwepo wa kijeshi wa Marekani katika eneo la Nicaragua na kubadilisha mwelekeo wa kisiasa wa nchi. <\/p>\n\n

Waquaker walisafiri hadi Nicaragua kwa lengo la kupatanisha kati ya Sandino na vikosi vya kijeshi vya Marekani, wakitafuta kuondolewa kwa vikosi hivyo ili kupunguza hasara zaidi ya maisha. Hawakuweza kuanzisha mazungumzo ya moja kwa moja na Sandino (aliyepigana kuanzia 1927 hadi 1933), ingawa walifanikiwa kuwasiliana na wanafamilia wake wa karibu. Vizuizi vikuu vilitoka kwa wawakilishi wa kidiplomasia na kijeshi wa Marekani, ambao waliwaambia kwamba uingiliaji wao ungeweza ”kusababisha matatizo zaidi tu.” Kikundi cha Waquaker kilikuwa na hitimisho kwamba kadri Marekani walivyoendelea kukaa Nicaragua, ndivyo hali ya kisiasa ingevyokuwa ngumu zaidi. Hivyo ndivyo historia ya AFSC katika Amerika ya Kilatini inavyoanza. <\/p>\n\n

Karibu miaka 100 imepita tangu uvamizi huo wa kwanza katika eneo hilo, na AFSC inaendelea kupambana na uingiliaji wa Marekani: kuota na kujenga amani inayochochewa na matumaini ya ulimwengu wenye haki na usawa zaidi. Matumaini haya yanachochewa na imani kwamba upendo unaweza kubadilisha watu na mifumo isiyo ya haki. <\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n
<\/div>\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
Shule ya Kilimo Bora cha Wanawake, 2023.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n
Tunaunda Njia kwa Kutembea<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n

Kazi ya AFSC katika eneo hilo imekuwa ya aina mbalimbali, kwa upande wa kijiografia na kwa masuala yaliyoshughulikiwa. Shirika limefanya kazi nchini Colombia, Ecuador, Chile, Peru, Brazil, Argentina, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, Mexico, Cuba, na Haiti na limechangia kwa kiasi kikubwa katika nyakati tofauti za historia. Tangu 1939, juhudi hizi zimejumuisha uundaji wa kliniki, kampeni za chanjo na afya, ujenzi wa shule, na kukuza miradi ya kilimo. <\/p>\n\n

Katika mazingira changamano, AFSC imeonyesha uwezo wa kubadilika katika marekebisho yake na michango yake kwa mabadiliko. Hapo awali, kwa mfano, tulifanya kazi na vijana waliohusika katika vikundi vya uhalifu (maras<\/em>) na vikundi vingine vya vurugu nchini Colombia, Peru, Mexico, Nicaragua, El Salvador, na Guatemala. Pamoja nao, tuliunda nafasi za mazungumzo, upatanisho, kukataa kwa dhamiri, haki ya kurejesha, na shughuli nyingine zinazolenga amani. <\/p>\n\n

Mbinu yetu imechangia maendeleo ya uongozi, shirikisho la jamii, na kuimarisha mitandao ndani ya nchi na kiwango cha kikanda. Kwa mfano, AFSC ilicheza jukumu muhimu nchini Colombia katika kuunda Muungano Dhidi ya Matumizi ya Watoto na Vijana katika Mgogoro wa Silaha na kuanzisha kamati ya taasisi mbalimbali dhidi ya kunyunyizia kwa anga ambazo ziliharibu afya ya wanawake. Kati ya 1996 na 2001, pia tulisaidia mitandao ya watu wa Asili na wa Kiafrika kuhakikisha ushiriki madhubuti katika Mkutano wa Dunia Dhidi ya Ubaguzi wa Rangi. Tukiwa waaminifu kwa asili zetu, tulisaidia watu wa Amerika ya Kati walioathiriwa na Kimbunga Mitch, pamoja na migogoro ya silaha; tulichangia kuimarisha jamii ya kiraia kupinga uingiliaji wa Marekani katika eneo hilo; na tukakuza uundaji wa mitandao ya wahamiaji, watu waliohama ndani ya nchi, na wakimbizi. Kwa wakati huo huo, taarifa zilizozalishwa kupitia uwepo wetu uwanjani zilikuwa mchango muhimu kwa harakati nchini Marekani zilizopinga vita vilivyokuwa vikiendelezwa na nchi hiyo. <\/p>\n\n

Kama muhtasari huu mfupi unavyoonyesha, AFSC imekuwa ikisimama pembeni mwa jamii, harakati za kijamii, vijana, na wanawake kwa haki yao ya kuishi kwa amani huku ikitambua utofauti wao na Nuru ya Kimungu katika kila mtu. Kufanya hivyo, AFSC imepinga sera za kikoloni za serikali ya Marekani kupitia diplomasia ya kimya na, zaidi ya yote, kwa kujenga uaminifu unaotegemea heshima na imani kwamba maarifa yetu si kamili. Tunawekeza katika kuimarisha uongozi na harakati za wananchi zinazotokana na uzoefu wa maisha, tukifanya kazi kwa imani na bila kutafuta umaarufu. Maadili haya na mizizi inayotuzuia na kuendelea kuhamasisha kazi yetu leo. <\/p>\n\n

Amani Inawezekana Tu Ikiwa Kuna Haki ya Kijamii<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n

Muktadha wa sasa wa Amerika ya Kilatini unajulikana na ukuaji wa usawa na aina mbalimbali za vurugu ambazo zinawaathiri zaidi wale ambao kihistoria wamezuiliwa kuwa na sauti ya kisiasa: watoto, wanawake, watu wa Asili, watu wa Kiafrika, wahamiaji, watu wenye utambulisho tofauti wa kingono, watu wenye ulemavu, na wengine.<\/p>\n\n

Pengo la kijamii linazidi kuwa kubwa kwa uchimbaji wa rasilimali asilia na maarifa, uhalifu uliopangwa, ujeshi wa usalama wa umma, kuhamisha mipaka nje, unyonyaji wa kazi, mkusanyiko wa utajiri, faragha ya huduma za umma (afya na elimu), upopulisti, na kudhoofika kwa taasisi za kidemokrasia.<\/p>\n\n

AFSC imejitolea kushughulikia baadhi ya mifumo hii ya utengano. Nchini Guatemala na El Salvador, tunasindikiza jamii na vikundi vya wanawake katika mapambano yao kwa kujiamulia na kupata haki. <\/p>\n\n

Tangu 2023 huko Pet\u00e9n, Guatemala, tumesaidia jamii za kitamaduni katika kuimarisha uongozi wa ndani, ili watu waweze kubaki katika ardhi zao; kusimamisha uhamishaji na uhalifu; na kuwa na miundo yao ya maendeleo ikitambuliwa, ambayo inategemea mazoea ya uhifadhi. Kwa maneno ya C\u00e1ndido, mwanachama wa jamii, msaada wetu umekuwa muhimu kwa mapambano yao na kutambuliwa na serikali ya Guatemala. <\/p>\n\n

Huko Moraz\u00e1n na Sonsonate, El Salvador, mamia ya wanawake wameshiriki mafunzo kuhusu mazoea ya kilimo bora, ambayo yamewapa uwezo wa kuzalisha chakula chao wenyewe na kupata kipato, hivyo kuchangia uhuru wa chakula na uhuru wa wanawake.<\/p>\n\n

Mifuko ya akiba ya jamii pia imekuzwa, ikiwaruhusu wanawake kupata mikopo midogo ili kudumisha biashara zao. Kwa wakati huo huo, wanawake hawa wanashiriki katika mchakato wa mafunzo ya uongozi na haki za binadamu. Haya yote yanafanywa kwa ushirikiano na Asociaci\u00f3n Nuevo Amanecer de El Salvador (ANADES). Katika miaka mitatu iliyopita, kazi imepanuka kutoka jamii mbili hadi 15 na kufikia zaidi ya watu 450, wengi wao ni wanawake. <\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
Ubadilishanaji wa mbegu za Kikreoli na za asili huko Sonsonate, El Salvador, 2023.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n
Nambari Zinahusika, Lakini Hadithi Zinasema Zaidi<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n

Isabel Mungu\u00eda ni mkulima wa miaka 48 anayeishi Palo Verde (San Juli\u00e1n, Sonsonate) pamoja na mumewe na binti yake na anajulikana sana kwa uongozi wake wa jamii. Isabel ni sehemu ya kikundi cha wanawake, mfuko wa akiba na mikopo ya jamii, na ushirika. Katika maisha yake ya kila siku, analima mboga, kutunza nyuki wake, kuhifadhi mbegu za asili, na kutumia mazoea ya kilimo bora kukabiliana na mabadiliko ya tabianchi. Mojawapo ya changamoto anazokabili ni uhaba wa maji, ambao unaathiri uzalishaji wake na uchumi wa familia. <\/p>\n\n

Tangu 2022, ameshiriki katika michakato inayosaidiwa na AFSC na ANADES, ambayo imeongeza mafunzo yake ya kisiasa na zana za kulinda haki. Pamoja na wanawake wengine, amejenga nafasi za shirikisho na kiuchumi zinazotoa mikopo inayopatikana na kukuza uzalishaji wa pamoja, hata akishiriki ardhi yake na wengine. Kama asemavyo: ”Leo najisikia kama mwanamke mwenye nguvu… sasa tunaamua kuhusu kipato chetu na maisha yetu.” Uzoefu wake unaonyesha jinsi shirikisho la jamii linavyopanua utekelezaji wa haki na kujenga mbadala zenye heshima kwa maisha katika eneo hilo. <\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
Ubadilishanaji wa mbegu na maarifa, Torola Moraz\u00e1n, El Salvador, 2024.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n
Haki ya Uhamiaji: Heshima katika Mwendo<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n

Katika AFSC, tunaamini kwa uthabiti kwamba watu wanaosafiri wana haki ya kuamua wapi kuishi na kupata haki na heshima. Kanuni hii ya msingi inakiukwa kwa njia ya mfumo katika muktadha wa sasa. Ni lazima kuimarisha mifumo ya msaada na ulinzi wa kitaifa na kimataifa, pamoja na kukabiliana na sera na mazoea ya ukatili yanayowafanya watu katika uhamiaji wa kulazimishwa kuwa si wanadamu. <\/p>\n\n

Kwa kusudi hili, AFSC inafanya kazi pembeni mwa mashirika na makazi nchini Mexico, Guatemala, na El Salvador. Nchini Guatemala, Jumuiya ya Kujifunza kuhusu uhamiaji wa kurudi iliundwa na mashirika nane ya ndani kukuza ubadilishanaji wa mazoea na kuimarisha uwezo wa kuingia upya kwa njia kamili. <\/p>\n\n

Nchini El Salvador, kwa ushirikiano na Kituo cha Ujumuishaji wa Wafanyakazi Wahamiaji (CIMITRA), tunasaidia uundaji wa kamati za watu waliorudi na uundaji wa mtandao wa kwanza wa kitaifa wa watu waliorudi. Tunalenga kuwapa zana za kuingia upya katika jamii, kuimarisha uongozi, na kuongoza tetezi zao wenyewe za haki. <\/p>\n\n

Huko Tijuana, Mexico, AFSC imeongoza uundaji wa Mtandao wa Utetezi na Huduma Kamili kwa Wahamiaji (REDAIM), mtandao wa kwanza unaowaleta pamoja makazi na mashirika ya ndani kufafanua ajenda ya pamoja ya utetezi, inayozingatia msaada wa kibinadamu, ujumuishaji wa kiuchumi, na upatikanaji wa mifumo ya ulinzi.<\/p>\n\n

Kuruka kwa Ndege Mdogo: Kushikilia Matumaini<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n

AFSC inatafuta kubadilisha mifumo ya uonevu huku pia ikiheshimu mila yake ya kutenda wakati maisha na uadilifu wa jamii unapohatarisha katika dharura.<\/p>\n\n

Mwezi Januari 2025, Donald Trump alianza muhula wake wa pili kama rais wa Marekani. Utawala wake ulitekeleza sera za kijeshi, kiuchumi, na uhamiaji zenye matokeo makali kwa Marekani na ulimwengu. Amerika ya Kilatini imeathiriwa hasa, haswa kuhusu kufukuzwa kwa watu katika mazingira ya uhamiaji. <\/p>\n\n

Kulingana na Wizara ya Usalama wa Ndani ya Marekani<\/a>, kufikia Oktoba 27, 2025, zaidi ya watu milioni mbili wa kigeni walikuwa wameondoka Marekani: 527,000 kupitia kufukuzwa na milioni 1,6 kupitia ”kujifukuza,” kutokana na vitisho vya kufungwa na adhabu<\/a>. Kwa hivyo, watu zaidi wanarudi Mesoamerica katika hali hatarishi. Mwaka 2025 peke yake, zaidi ya raia 151,000 wa Mexico<\/a> walifukuzwa. <\/p>\n\n

Kwa kujibu, AFSC iliunda Mpango wa Hatua ya Ndege Mdogo kushughulikia mahitaji haya ya kibinadamu kupitia nguzo tatu: kusaidia na kulinda, kuandika, na kutetea.<\/p>\n\n

Ukitekelezwa nchini Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, na Costa Rica mwaka 2025, kwa ushirikiano na mashirika 13, mpango ulitoa msaada wa kibinadamu, msaada wa kisaikolojia na kijamii, na taarifa za haki kwa watu 3,228. AFSC pia iliwahojiwa watu 364. Ushuhuda mmoja unasoma: <\/p>\n\n

Huko El Paso, Texas nilikaa siku tatu. Baada ya hapo walinifukuza nikiva pingu, mikono, miguu, kiuno, kila kitu. Waliniweka ndani ya ndege… ilipotua ilisema McAllen, Texas, na nilifungwa huko siku tisa zaidi… matibabu yalikuwa mabaya… kwa sababu wewe ni mhamiaji huwezi kusema au wanakupiga. Chakula pia kilikuwa kibaya. Walimpiga Mvenezeula mbele yangu. . …Nilikula na kulala sakafuni.<\/p>\n\n

Ushuhuda huu si wa pekee; unaonyesha mifumo ya ukatili na athari zake. Hata hivyo kuna pia hadithi za ubinadamu na mshikamano zinazorejesha matumaini. Mfanyakazi wa CIMITRA alishiriki kwamba kutoa vitu kama mifuko ya mgongoni na mashati kuna athari kubwa: zaidi ya msaada wa kimwili, vinachukuliwa kama ishara za ubinadamu, ukaribu, na huduma. <\/p>\n\n

Mshikamano wa Waquaker pia ulikuwa na athari muhimu nchini Costa Rica, ambapo AFSC ilisaidia Chama cha Marafiki cha Monteverde kukaribisha familia sita kutoka Armenia, Urusi, Afghanistan, na Azerbaijan. Walikaribisha na watu ambao hawakuzungumza lugha yao lakini walitambua heshima yao kupitia upendo. <\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
Kujenga mitandao. Mazungumzo ya jamii kwa mabadiliko. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n
Imani Bila Kujitangaza<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n

AFSC imetembea kwa karibu karne moja katika Amerika ya Kilatini pembeni mwa wale ambao kihistoria wamezuiliwa lakini wanapambana kwa haki zao. Tumefanya hivyo kwa kujenga madaraja, kuimarisha sauti, na kufanya kazi kuelekea amani yenye usawa na haki. <\/p>\n\n

Licha ya changamoto, tunabaki waaminifu kwa maadili ya Waquaker: kutenda kwa upendo, kutambua ubinadamu katika kila mtu, na kuthibitisha kwamba amani ni ya kweli tu pale inapo kuwa na haki ya kijamii. Tunaendelea kuamini kwamba mustakabali mwingine unawezekana, na tunaendelea kufanya kazi kuufanya kuwa wa kweli. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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